tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52291300580178625752024-03-08T16:03:30.964-08:00Essay writing instructionsEssay Topics On Global Competition Slide ShareMark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.comBlogger22125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-49158531016727189132020-08-27T07:58:00.001-07:002020-08-27T07:58:08.437-07:00Symbol as an Integral Part of a Humans LifeIn spite of the way that a man is an animal that has certain freedom, individuals have consistently wanted to mingle. The writer of the article ââ¬Å"Symbols. The essential Element of Cultureâ⬠Leslie A. White has made a significant commitment to brain science as a science, deciphering the nature and the importance of an image in peopleââ¬â¢s lives. Nonetheless, the article brings up specific issues that despite everything need consideration.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Symbol as an Integral Part of a Humanââ¬â¢s Life explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Leslieââ¬â¢s strategy to research the issue could be portrayed as both the trial one and the one including certain hypothetical work. Leslie both assembled the current realities about the job of signs in peopleââ¬â¢s culture and gave the models dependent on her own understanding as a researcher. As indicated by the article by Leslie A. White, images demonstrate that ââ¬Å"it was the image which changed our humanoid precursors into men and made them human.â⬠These are just individuals that have some to utilizing images to communicate their thoughts. Nonetheless, the image is something beyond what a minor sign that can be deciphered distinctly in one manner. There is a sure qualification between them. As indicated by Macionis and Clark (69), An image is whatever conveys a specific significance perceived by the individuals from the way of life. A whistle, a mass of spray painting, a blazing red light and a clench hand brought up noticeable all around all fill in as images. Therefore, he asserts that image is something that can be surely known by a specific gathering of individuals, while the individuals not having a place with this extremely social gathering would either take these images for something different or think of them as unimportant. That is what has any kind of effect between an image and a sign which is consistently the equivalent for the delegates of any culture.Advertising Looking for exposition on reasoning? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The proof that Leslie drives concerns her own understanding and the models that the brain research as of now has driven clarifying the idea of image. These are the instances of individuals denied of the capacity to utilize images during the way toward mingling and what it has driven them to. One of the trademark highlights of an image given in Symbol. The Basic Element of Culture is that it is gained as the ââ¬Å"thingâ⬠the importance of which is offered by the individuals who use it. It isn't something settled, and nor is it expected to have very much the same effect on all individuals. L. White likewise stresses the way that image is preferably a thought over something that is to betaken as an article. It very well may be an item, a shading, a sound or even a smell or a taste. Regardless of the way that creator t akes the images preferably as an idea over as an article, a few analysts take it much further, extending the importance of an image to the entire culture. Culture is representative. The essentialness of culture lies in the significance individuals provide for images or things or conduct. The importance isn't inborn in the image however is offered by the social noteworthiness. (Andersen 56) Andersen drives a case of the American banner, which is essentially a bit of material with the example on it, however for the individuals this is the image of popular government and opportunity. So an image is something that individuals must be instructed. This isn't the intuitional information that can accompany the experience, yet a specific idea that must be scholarly. As Lesley accentuates, it is just an individual who can comprehend and decipher an image. A man and just a man can be instructed to get images and their implications. Lesley drives a case of a kid who has been denied of both the capacity to hear and see and the capacity to have representative contacts with individuals. As the young lady was analyzed by specialists, they found no human attributes in her conduct by any stretch of the imagination. That implies, that these are the emblematic contacts mind the others that make the premise of a human.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Symbol as an Integral Part of a Humanââ¬â¢s Life explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This dismal actuality can be clarified by the hypothesis of an image. As Kendal has seen, Culture couldn't exist without images in light of the fact that there would be no shred implications among individuals. Images can all the while produce faithfulness and ill will, and love and abhor. They help us to convey thoughts, for example, love or nationalism since they express dynamic ideas with obvious items. (50) The manner in which images can change as they go through the way of life is a subject for another exp loration. For instance, insignia that used to be the image of sun in the old occasions and bore the importance of good karma, thriving and riches, was further on changed into the image of autocracy, which has changed peopleââ¬â¢s mentality to the sign for the last time. Macionis and Benokraitis (31) communicated a similar thought. The image is something that is immovably associated with the way of life, and the assorted varieties that are introduced in the various societies can prompt the distinctive comprehension of signs. These are just individuals who can be educated to comprehend and utilize images. To summarize, the way of life of a human presumes the utilization of images as the ideas that may underlie a specific thing, or an individual or a procedure, or an activity. It isn't simply the thought, yet its underlying foundations, the best approach to communicate a thought. What Lesley is attempting to pass on in her article is that the advanced culture is a lot of images that have been formed into an arranged framework. They are utilized in the day by day discussion, just as in the circle of expressions. Images can be found in the expert circles, and the utilization of them presumes that this layer of society has just formed it into a particular culture of theirs. Images are continually tailing us all through our whole life. Our assignment is to unravel them and to get the data they convey. They are utilized as compartments for data, and the manner in which they will create will stamp the advancement of the humanity itself.Advertising Searching for article on reasoning? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Works Cited Andersen, Margaret L., Howard F. Taylor. Human science with Infotrack:à Understanding a Diverse Society, Casebound. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2007. Print. Kendal, Diana. Human science in Our Times: The Essentials. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning. 2008. Print. Macionis, John J. Nijole V. Benokraitis. Seeing Ourselves: Classic,à Contemporary and Cross-Cultural Readings in Sociology. eighth Ed. New Jersey, USA: Prentice Hall. 2009. Print. Macionis, John J., Juanne Clark, Linda M. Gerber. Human science. Toronto: Pearson Education Canada. 1994. Print. This exposition on Symbol as an Integral Part of a Humanââ¬â¢s Life was composed and presented by client AncientOne to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-86868530842677009642020-08-22T11:11:00.001-07:002020-08-22T11:11:41.841-07:00Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown - The Puritans and Love Essay -- YoungYouthful Goodman Brown:â The Puritans and Loveâ â â â â â â â â â â â â â Hawthorneââ¬â¢sâ ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brownâ⬠, uncovered the puritan perspective on affection and connections. In principle, these two dreams are oppositely restricted. One lifts up affection as a physical indication between two people (in spite of the fact that it additionally claims to speak to higher beliefs), different considers it to be an otherworldly need, one best showed by connection to God. Truth be told, the puritans didn't consider love to be something worth being thankful for, but instead as an abhorrent, a troubling need, that is, they saw physical love (between a man and a lady, or sexuality and all it conveys with it) in that capacity. The passionate disturbance influencing Goodman Brown unmistakably communicates this. à à à The issue we find in this story, and in rigidity, is that it presents differentiating perspectives on affection. Connection to natural belongings, to others actually, is disheartened, on the grounds that everything physical prompts enticement and perdition, and at last heck, while the way to salvation of the individual meanders through a profound order, thoroughness, severity. A man ought not cherish his better half more than he adores God; truth be told, it is suggested that he not get joy from his significant other, but instead look for anguish, so as to make up for himself from his natural condition, his unclean state. à à à This origination of adoration can be followed back to the principal sections of the Bible, Genesis. Adam and Eve, in the nursery of Eden, eat the prohibited foods grown from the ground everlastingly pariah from heaven, compelled to endure. The puritans contended that, if God wishes us to endure, who are we to conflict with his desires. We are delinquents, as a result of the Original Sin, and it was Eve who gav... ...ne, it kept the ladies in a container, it essentially forestalled uprising by ingraining divine dread. In the end, these thoughts advanced, however we despite everything witness a large number of the eventual outcomes of strictness in this day and age. à à à Again, be that as it may, we are confronted with a story, this time composed afterward, that reveals a negative insight into a belief system. It appears Nathaniel Hawthorne would not like to embrace rigidity, however censure it, criticize the maltreatment and logical inconsistency it suggested. Again, we discover a work that maligns a built up comprehension of affection. To begin with, there was resistance to the cultured love custom, presently, we discover restriction to the puritan love belief system. Up until this point, we have just been eager to characterize love by what it wasn't, what we felt was an incorrect method of getting things done. à à à If a progressively conclusive answer is to be discovered, it must be found somewhere else. à Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-7703917154687981352020-08-21T08:53:00.001-07:002020-08-21T08:53:46.234-07:00Blog Archive Friday Factoid Manage a $2M Student Investment Fund at UCLA Anderson Blog Archive Friday Factoid Manage a $2M Student Investment Fund at UCLA Anderson Many acknowledge UCLA Andersonâs unique connections to the media and entertainment industry. However, far fewer MBA aspirants are aware of the tremendous opportunities Anderson provides to students interested in investment management. Established in 1987, the Student Investment Fund (SIF) at Anderson is a fellowship that provides a limited number of students with a hands-on opportunity to apply what they have learned thus far about investment theory. Students must apply for the opportunity to manage the portfolio, as one of the 10â"12 SIF Fellows, by submitting an essay and participating in two rounds of panel interviews. SIF Fellows engage in investment strategy, asset allocation, and security analysis for more than 18 months and explore both value and growth approaches to investment as well as fixed income investments. Fellows get together weekly during the academic year, meet once a month with the Faculty Oversight Committee, and visit more than 30 investment professionals thro ughout the fellowship to learn about different investment philosophies. Fellows also receive assistance in securing summer internships in the investment management industry. Those interested in a career in investment management should give UCLA Anderson a closer look. For more information on UCLA Anderson or 15 other leading MBA programs, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Friday Factoids University of California Los Angeles (Anderson) Blog Archive Friday Factoid Manage a $2M Student Investment Fund at UCLA Anderson Many acknowledge UCLA Andersonâs unique connections to the media and entertainment industry. However, far fewer MBA aspirants are aware of the tremendous opportunities Anderson provides to students interested in investment management. Established in 1987, the Student Investment Fund (SIF) at Anderson is a fellowship that provides a limited number of students with a hands-on opportunity to apply what they have learned thus far about investment theory. Students must apply for the opportunity to manage the portfolio, as one of the ten SIF Fellows, by participating in the four-round application process that includes panel interviews and essays. SIF Fellows engage in investment strategy, asset allocation, and security analysis for more than 18 months and explore both value and growth approaches to investment as well as fixed income investments. Fellows get together weekly during the academic year, meet once a month with the Faculty Oversight Committee, and visit at least 30 investment p rofessionals throughout the fellowship to learn about different investment philosophies. Fellows also receive assistance in securing summer internships in the investment management industry. Those interested in a career in investment management should give UCLA Anderson a closer look. For more information on UCLA Anderson or 15 other leading MBA programs, check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guides. Share ThisTweet Friday Factoids University of California Los Angeles (Anderson) Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-2964245054705949512020-05-25T12:18:00.001-07:002020-05-25T12:18:05.105-07:00The Lottery by Shirley Jackson and The Ones Who Walk Away... The short stories ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠by Shirley Jackson and ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelasâ⬠by Ursula K. Le Guin have many similarities, despite their different societal settings. Both of the stories contain a false display of utopia, the following of traditions, and foul treatment. For example, in ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠every year a personââ¬â¢s name is drawn from a box and the ââ¬Å"winnerâ⬠is stoned to death, and the townsfolk are fine with it and keep coming back. And in ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelasâ⬠Omelas is described as being a perfect society where everyone is happy, but in order for the utopia to thrive a young child is being detained and tortured and the people of Omelas just let it happen because they think that is all they can do. Therefore, in both of the stories the authors are saying that harm can be done from people blindly following tradition and that perfect does not exist because there will always be some ty pe of evil activity being conducted. Throughout both ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelasâ⬠an ideal world or utopia is portrayed. In the beginning of ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠the narrator describes what a beautiful summer day it is and how the village people are gathering to begin the lottery. The tone of the story is happy, content and quite joyful; even though the lottery is nothing to be excited about. The story even says that, ââ¬Å"[the men] grinned at one another humorlessly and nervouslyâ⬠(Jackson 250). The townspeople see the lottery as a harmlessShow MoreRelatedComparisonof ââ¬Å"the Ones Who Walk Away from Omelasâ⬠and ââ¬Å"the Lotteryâ⬠,959 Words à |à 4 PagesEssay I: Short Fiction In ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelasâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠, Ursula Le Guin and Shirley Jackson depict a seemingly perfect society built on dark secrets. In the story, ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelasâ⬠, Omelas is a utopian city of happiness and delight, whose inhabitants are smart and cultured. Everything about Omelas is pleasing, except for the secret of the city: the good fortune of Omelas requires that a single unfortunate child be kept in perpetual filth, darknessRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas Analysis876 Words à |à 4 Pagesof regret and confusion.â⬠The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelasâ⬠by Ursula K. Le Guin and ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠by Shirley Jackson address the theme of religious and traditional symbolism.â⬠The Lotteryâ⬠demonstrates how something that seems so perfect on the outside isnââ¬â¢t all that great on the inside. Symbolism shows the reader that there is a deeper message within the diction. ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠addresses the theme more successfully than ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walked Away from the Omelasâ⬠with the greater use of religiousRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson And The Ones Who Walk Away1556 Words à |à 7 Pagestraditions from those who have come before them. With that said, it is imperative to provide individuals with the reasons we, as a society, act and behave in the manner in which we do. Without the proper knowledge of certain traditions, the members of future generations could continue to demonstrate barbaric rituals simply out of habit. This is particularly true throughout the short stories, ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠by Shirley Jackson and ââ¬Å"The ones who walk away from Omelasâ⬠by Ursula K. Le Guin. Within bothRead MoreThemes Of `` The Lottery `` By Shirley Jackson And The Ones Who Walk Away From 1861-18651553 Words à |à 7 Pagestheme of equali ty is present throughout many of the dystopian short stories, novels, poems and films we have studied in class. The three stories I feel this theme is most present in are ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠by Shirley Jackson, ââ¬Å"Harrison Bergeronâ⬠by Kurt Vonnegut and ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelasâ⬠by Ursula Le Guin. In these stories society tries to make everything orderly and just. Their methods to promote equality are flawed. The goal in these stories is to perfect society but in each story they fallRead MoreThe Lottery and the Ones Who Walked Away from Omelas2537 Words à |à 11 PagesThe Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas à Perhaps it would be best if you imagined it as your fancy bids, assuming it will rise to the occasion, for certainly I cannot suit you all. This is an open invitation for you, the reader, in the short story The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas. Ursula K. Le Guin is simply inviting you to become her main character. How might you accept or deny this malicious request? It is quite simple, really. To accept it is to read on, and to deny it is to disembarkRead MoreComparison and Contrast of the Lottery and the Ones Who Walk Away from1238 Words à |à 5 PagesComparison and Contrast of The Lottery and The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas The differences between The Lottery by Shirley Jackson and The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by Ursula K. Le Guin seem relatively minor when compared to the striking similarities they contain in setting, symbols, and theme. Each of the stories begin with a description of a beautiful summer day. The flowers were blooming profusely and the grass was richly green(para 1) in The Lottery is quite comparable to oldRead MoreSummary Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson And The Ones Who Walk Away1384 Words à |à 6 Pagesfor Peace It is safe to say to say that one person does not deserve harm for the betterment of a society or a community. In the short-stories, ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠by Shirley Jackson and ââ¬Å"The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelasâ⬠by Ursula K. Le Guin, each display similarities when it comes to sacrifice for better. Although each society believes in the practice, in the story The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelasâ⬠the citizens believes the practice of locking a little boy away in a closest will benefit them to liveRead MoreConformity in The Lottery, The Ones Who Walked Away from Omelas and The Namesake1063 Words à |à 5 Pages To stand firm in ones beliefs is a difficult task. It takes a strong-minded person with boldness to stand for what he or she believes in. The possible consequence for doing so is isolation, humiliation or the success of changing ones view. Given that standing up for oneself makes the person vulnerable, out of fear, many suppress their ideas and settle for the beliefs of others. In The Lottery, The Ones Who Walked Away from Omelas and The Namesake, the characters struggled with the decision to Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-34673464461263451972020-05-14T19:13:00.001-07:002020-05-14T19:13:02.791-07:00Confucianism A Great Chinese Thinker And Philosopher Who... Sarthak Singh Mr Rainey 18 June 2015 Ancient China Confucianism Who was Confucius? Confucius was a great Chinese thinker and philosopher who lived during the Warring States Period from 551-479 BCE. He was born in 551 BC, in Zou, Lu state in a family that was in between common people and aristocrats. He never held a high-class job, only working as a shepherd, cowherd, clerk, and a book-keeper. His mother died when he was 23 and he then mourned for three years, an Ancient Chinese tradition. Lu state had a duke and three aristocratic families ruling it, a system that collapsed quickly as the families wanted total control and overthrew the duke with a rebellion. Confucius, who had built a reputation through his teachings, disapproved of the three familiesââ¬â¢ greed and hoped to form a centralised government for Lu state. Confucius had become the Minister of Crime and had some political influence, which he used with diplomacy to fulfil his desires, since he had no military influence. Confucius stirred up tensions between the families, which led to a series of wars and rebellions in the Lu state, leading to the return of the duke and centralised governme nt to Lu. After a few years, the Duke of Lu neglected his duties and his respect for Confucius and he left Lu state, spreading his teachings to small kingdoms in North-East and Central China. Confucius lived in rugged conditions and lived without many basic needs, adapting an unkempt image during this time (See Fig 1.). HeShow MoreRelatedPhilosophy Of Mencius And Xunzi1111 Words à |à 5 Pages Confucianism is unique in the fact that unlike other religions, it doesnââ¬â¢t have a divine ruler that is worshiped by its followers. Instead, followers of Confucianism adhere to the ideas and values spread in the teachings of Confucius, a philosopher. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese Thought (Reigel, para. 1). Other than that, however, not much is known for certain about the life of ConfuciusRead MoreEssay Human Nature and Proper Order1725 Words à |à 7 PagesProper Order in Confucianism and as taught primarily by Mencius, the Chinese philosopher, is the conceptual theory that instructs how people can reach their highest potential of moral and material well being embodied in Mencius conception of human nature. The theory of proper order is the primary and philosophical means to that end. Although proper order may seem in many ways philosophically abstract, Mencius teachings of proper order in history have had lasting and tangible effects on modern EastRead MoreHow China s Isolation Affected Itself?2161 Words à |à 9 PagesChinaââ¬â¢s isolation affected itself? What traditions did the Chinese develop? Patterns in Classical China What dynasties were widely known in China? What has the Zhou dynasty accomplished? What were the alliances like? What became of the Yangtze River Valley? What did the Zhou dynasty work to do? Qin Dynasty Who took over after the fall of the Zhou dynasty? What accomplishments were made during the Qin dynasty? Han Dynasty What was accomplished inRead MoreSocrates And Confucius As Teachers3484 Words à |à 14 Pageslogical method, the meaning of human experience, and the quest for eudaimonia through moral excellence. His famous paradox, that no one does wrong both wittingly and willingly, has challenged his philosophical heirs for centuries. Confucius founded Confucianism, or Ruija, which has influenced the politics, culture, and national identity of China throughout the past two millennia. His pursuit of the ideal society and his emphasis on human relations and on moral standards, has encouraged and summoned peopleRead MoreWorld History AP8768 Words à |à 36 PagesBritish imperial education system, and Mussolini all using the examples of previous empires as models for their own societies. â⬠¢ As prompted by the opening and closing sections of the chapter, a student might draw potential lessons for the United States today, especially from the model of Rome, whose conquests led to a political shift from a republican to an imperial political system. â⬠¢ A student could also argue that basic problems of classical empires, such as overextension and the creation of Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-29469106218124951862020-05-06T15:36:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:36:25.840-07:00Influenced by Humans but Beyond Human Control Fate in... Fate; something that unavoidably befalls upon a person, fate is influenced by oneââ¬â¢s own actions, but is ultimately dictated by events beyond human control. In this play Sophocles demonstrates the power of fate through certain situations that occur throughout the play which are uncontrollable. The gods preordained Oedipusââ¬â¢ future, with all its intricacies and landmarks which lead Oedipus on his quest to find his identity and the truth. However, the path Oedipus ââ¬Å"choosesâ⬠is simply a reaction to the predetermination of his life. Ultimately fate, through Oedipusââ¬â¢ own ââ¬Å"choicesâ⬠is his opponent throughout the play. Oedipus, sent away from Thebes as an infant, coincidently was saved and became the prince of Corinth. Upon hearing of the prophecyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Despite his attempts to reveal his identity and the truth of his parenthood, Oedipus starts on his quest for the truth. Although Oedipus convinces himself that he is making his own decisions, he is blind to the truth of having fulfilled the prophecy, and despite the insinuator advice from Tiresias that the gods have control over the outcome of his life he continues to map out his escape from fate. ââ¬Å"It is not fate that I should be your ruin, Apollo is enough; it is his care to work this out.â⬠(376-378) Tiresias as he says these words shows that it is the gods who are playing with Oedipusââ¬â¢ future as though he was their puppet and they the puppeteer. The blind prophet makes a reference to Apollo a god, which insinuates that they have power over the circumstance and that fate must take its place, for the gods have arranged for his punishment and outcome of his life. Although Oedipus can be gratified for his great demonstration of perseverance, in the case where Oedipus wants to find out who his parents were, Jocasta firmly advises him not to do so. Oedipus perseveres and does what he believes to be right for himself and for his own good. Firstly he is very steadfast in discovering his true identity, this indicates that he is not ignorant of his true birth parents and has a certain untamed curiosity which Jocasta did not have. (860-861) Even when Oedipus discovers his true identity and the truth about his life including the prophecyShow MoreRelatedOedipus The King, Antigone, And Minority Report1364 Words à |à 6 Pages Throughout the stories of Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Minority Report, there is a common theme of greatness beyond the scope of the individual story. Oedipus was the dedicated king of Thebes, whose predestined fate detailed failed attempts to outrun his destiny. His sacrifices were for the good of his city. Creon and Antigone battle throughout their story, yet ultimately showed that death and sorrow are fates that are bigger than the both of them. Finally, John Anderton fought to prove his ownRead More Destiny, Free Will and Choice - The Power of Fate in Oedipus the King1071 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Power of Fate in Oedipus the King The concept of fate has existed since the time of the ancient Greeks. The Greeks believed very strongly in fate, which can be defined as either a power beyond human control that determines events, or the outcome or end. In Oedipus Rex, King Oedipus lives and dies by fate. Fate influences the entire plot, thereby allowing for some interesting developments that may be unpredictable to the audience. In Sophocles Oedipus Rex, fate truly is a huge factorRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - Defining Fate1000 Words à |à 4 PagesFate in Oedipus Rex à à à à During ancient times, the Greeks believed very strongly in a concept called fate.à What is fate?à Fate can be defined as a cause beyond human control that determines events.à It can also be defined as the outcome or end of some sort.à In Oedipus Rex, King Oedipus is a character that lived by fate and died by fate.à This element of fate truly impacted the storyline and the plot, while allowing for some interesting developments that may have been unforeseen byRead MoreThe Tragic Flaw Of Oedipus And Hamlet1829 Words à |à 8 PagesThe tragic flaw of a human being is usually checked with the method he or she reacts with to the circumstances that life throws upon him or her. Contemporary society appears to be fixated on giving gatherings of people cases of such individuals who, in spite of the affliction of their lives, that still transcend. In fact, maybe nobody is more fit for indicating triumph over struggles than Sophocles and William Shakespeare. In both Oedipus and Hamlet, for example, the primary characters struggle withRead MoreONeills Concept of Tragic Vision in Reference to Long Days Journey Into Night3245 Words à |à 13 PagesRenaissance 1/6 Eugene Oââ¬â¢Neill is the father of modern American drama. His vision of life was essentially tragic; the human dilemma is the theme of his plays, which are all, with one exception, tragedies. He is a great tragic artist, but with a difference. He writes tragedies of modern life which do not follow the traditional Aristotelian form. There are no tragic heroes, exceptional individuals with Hamartia, in the Aristotelian sense. 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Though at first there are only reminiscences of the lhwà ¢n al-Safà ¢Ã¢â¬â¢, we soon find whole pages together which are identical with that work, and, in part, with the work edited by Goldziher as The Book of the Essence of the Soul (Kità ¢b ma`à ¢nà ® al-nafs) (pp.42-46). The human being as he is actually found on earth is shown to depend from his idea, the universal man, andRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 Pages mymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-17693336456074157932020-05-05T17:39:00.001-07:002020-05-05T17:39:10.110-07:00Health Data for Maternity Services in Australian- myassignmenthelp Question: Discuss about theHealth Data for Maternity Services in Australian. Answer: Maternity services in Australian rural sectors have undergone considerable change in the recent past. Data furnished in the report for the year 2014-2015, has paid attention to certain perinatal indicators that represent the performances that are taking place in the relevant domain. Among the ten performance indicators, indicator 2 that accounts for describing the rate of term infants without congenital anomalies who require additional care may be selected for an elaborate discussion, focusing on the pivotal issue of maternity services that are in vogue in the rural area hospitals in Australia. According to the published data, it is evident that there remains considerable variation as far as rate of term infants having no congenital anomalies who are in need of additional care across public health hospitals accounting for about 0% to 21.8%. Further, it has been depicted that ten state-wise rate of public hospitals has gone up from 71% in 2007-2008 to about 8.5% in 2014-2015, thereby suggesting the prevalence of quality of care services that are available during labor, at the time of birth, as well as in immediate neonatal period. The time span following immediate after birth, some of the babies might develop symptoms and encounter certain medical problems that cannot be resolved with the realm of usual care services that are normally meant for the babies born without any congenital abnormalities or other related complications. Instead, superior and specialized medical interventions are desirable to effectively deal with such neonates. Therefore, admission to special care nursery or neonatal intensive care unit may be necessary under such circumstances to resolve the ensuing situation. The term infant terminology is applicable to newborns that are born after 37 weeks of gestation. Hence, timely evaluation and review of this performance indicator is a welcome measure to understand the extent to which the health services might adopt definite strategies to detect w hether there are avoidable reasons circumscribing the higher care needs for babies. The scenario specific to the rural maternity services as opposed to the metropolitan hospitals in terms of providing maternity services to the concerned population reveals that definite confounding factors impact on the quality of the facilities delivered within the framework of healthcare. However, empirical evidences have shown that Australian rural maternity units across a timeframe of past 20 years have shut down owing to safety issues in addition to impact of paraphernalia that encompass cost incurred and healthcare staff shortage even though the overall infant mortality rate has reduced drastically in Australia. The step of shifting the maternity services from the rural zones to the metropolitan areas may be cited as a regressive measure because rural women are more prone to face obstetric challenges in contrast with the urban women. The suitable financial and technical resources are capable of providing both effective and safe maternity services in the context of rural healthcare framework. Moreover, it has been shown that for mothers aged less than 20 years, the need for safe and accessible maternity care is particularly high in remote and rural areas. Survey for the National Rural Health Alliance and the Rural Doctors Association of Australia for the year 2010, represented that only 12% expressed satisfaction of access to quality maternity services, thereby suggesting the disapproval of the availability of adequate resource to ensure quality service for the concerned group within their own community settings. Closure of maternity services in the rural areas is not an economic measure as per the perception of the community dwellers and their families on the part of the healthcare system for the sake of sustainable regional development. Workforce strengthening and actions taken in keeping with the changing times must be taken by the rural hospitals to enhance the health related outcome and ensure wellbeing. Therefore, this performance indicator should be implemented in the rural hospital scenario to evaluate the ongoing maternity services. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-69942680184565029092020-04-10T13:27:00.001-07:002020-04-10T13:27:03.453-07:00Eternal Light free essay sample Another ââ¬Å"wayfarerâ⬠is Victor Frankenstein, who is striving for ââ¬Å"eternal light,â⬠but in another aspect. He is the ââ¬Å"Modern Prometheus,â⬠longing to ââ¬Å"pour a torrent of light into our dark world,â⬠while creating a human being ââ¬â a deed, which is intrinsic to God (26). His creation is the third participant in the ââ¬Å"journeyâ⬠to ââ¬Å"eternal light. â⬠He is unnamed, or more often called the creature, the monster, the wretch, or the one with ââ¬Å"unearthly uglinessâ⬠(55). Victorââ¬â¢s creation also dreams for ââ¬Å"eternal lightâ⬠in the meaning of pure love or happiness, but he is compelled to follow the contrary direction ââ¬â to ââ¬Å"darkness and distanceâ⬠(134). The three meet each other at the ââ¬Å"land of mist and snow,â⬠where their ââ¬Å"journeyâ⬠ends, where the border between possible and common lies, between dream and reality, between genius and mankind, between God and mankind, between ââ¬Å"a country of eternal lightâ⬠and ââ¬Å"darkness and distance. â⬠The character, accountable for the novelââ¬â¢s drama, is Victor Frankenstein, a student in humanities. We will write a custom essay sample on Eternal Light or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ââ¬Å"A possible interpretation of the name Victor derives from the poem Paradise Lost by John Milton, a great influence on Shelley (a quotation from Paradise Lost is on the opening page of Frankenstein and Shelley even allows the monster himself to read it). Milton frequently refers to God as ââ¬Ëthe Victorââ¬â¢ in Paradise Lost, and Shelley sees Victor as playing God by creating lifeâ⬠(Wikipedia). As a god Victor is determined to endow mankind: ââ¬Å"Yet my heart overflowed with kindness, and the love of virtue. I had begun life with benevolent intentions, and thirsted for the moment when I should put them in practice, and make myself useful to my fellow-beingsâ⬠(50). Moreover, as Prometheus, he gives the world ââ¬Å"a spark of beingâ⬠(28). Furnishing the world with such extreme power Frankenstein should take the responsibility of creator and help his gift be useful not destructive. However he mishandles it. When he is fifteen, he witnesses ââ¬Å"a most violent and terrible thunderstorm,â⬠which ââ¬Å"utterly destroysâ⬠an ââ¬Å"old and beautiful oakâ⬠(18). This event could be interpreted as an allusion to how pestilential this ââ¬Å"spark of beingâ⬠could be. As Miglena Nikolchina contends, the ââ¬Å"serious ailmentâ⬠is ââ¬Å"in the man alone, undertaking the ââ¬Ëgodlikeââ¬â¢ function to be a creator, but in many respects immature for itâ⬠(57). The concrete reason for the creature being ââ¬Å"spurned at, and kicked, and trampled onâ⬠is his physical ugliness (133). Why Frankensteinââ¬â¢s creation is ugly? According to Cvetan Stoyanov, ââ¬Å"Ugliness is in fact alienation, drifting away from the vital principle ââ¬â organic could not be ugly, transgressing and killing it is uglyâ⬠(206). Something, often cited in connection to Shelleyââ¬â¢s work is a sentence in which the perfect artist is described as a morally perfect man, as a ââ¬Å"second creator, faultless Prometheus under the sky of Jupiterâ⬠(Shaftsbury 207). In this respect Miglena Nikolchina considers Frankenstein as an untalented artist, because he is not ââ¬Å"morally perfectâ⬠and shows this as a reason for the monsterââ¬â¢s ugliness. She claims that the Frankensteinââ¬â¢s morality is not one of a creator, but one of an ordinary man. ââ¬Å"Frankenstein has not even fancied that love ââ¬â namely love and only love his creation wants ââ¬â is the first characteristic of creator. â⬠ââ¬Å"Ugliness turns out the sign, left behind by the creator who infuses life, but does not manage to come to love it and thus calls forth death, for it is not possible the fated for living to be made without love, and has no vitality what is deprived of the mercy to be lovedâ⬠(Nikolchina 79-82). Victorââ¬â¢s blindness about the monsterââ¬â¢s innocent nature is more harmful than the physical blindness. The blind De Lacey is the only man who perceives the monsters good resolutions. About the structure of the novel Nikolchina offers an interesting definition. It is ââ¬Å"constructed as if of concentric circles of ice. The sailing to the North Pole is the outer circle, which serve as a frame of Frankensteinââ¬â¢s story. The conversation between the monster and Frankenstein among the sea of ice near Chamounix is the frame of the monsterââ¬â¢s story, which is the core of the novelâ⬠(Nikolchina 86). The central part of his story is when after burning down the cottage of De Lacey he wonders: ââ¬Å"And now, with the world before me, whither should I bend my steps? (80). Hereafter he starts hunting for his creator and begins alienating from his natural innocence. The creature wends his way toward ââ¬Å"darkness and distance. â⬠The changing nature corroborates his moral collapse: ââ¬Å"I travelled only at night, fearful of encountering the visage of a human being. Nature decayed around me, and the sun became heatless; rain and snow poured around me; mighty rivers were frozen; the surface of the earth was hard, and chill, and bare, and I found no shelterâ⬠(81). ââ¬Å"Advancing into experience,â⬠Miglena Nikolchina explains, ââ¬Å"is entering into a core of cold as wellâ⬠(87). She suggests two aspects in analysing the role of ice. First it could be seen as ââ¬Å"a supreme, unapproachable, unsusceptible to changes reality. It elevates Frankenstein ââ¬Ëfrom all littleness of feeling,ââ¬â¢ it fills him with ââ¬Ëa sublime ecstasy that gives wings to the soul, and allows it to soar from the obscure world to light and joyââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Nikolchina 87). Such an eternal and infinite is the picture before Robert Walton too: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦the region of beauty and delight. â⬠¦the sun is for ever visible; its broad disk just skirting the horizon, and diffusing a perpetual splendour. The explorerââ¬â¢s hopes are so great that they turn out fantasies ââ¬â he imagines an absolutely unreal North Pole: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦there snow and frost are banished; and, sailing over a calm sea, we may be wafted to a land surpassing in wonders and in beauty every region hitherto discovered on the habitable globeâ⬠(2). The Modern Prometheus chooses the ââ¬Å"wi ld and mysterious regionsâ⬠to ââ¬Å"the tamer scenes of natureâ⬠(11). He goes beyond the potentialities of ordinary people, however, aiming not at admiring of the Great Nature, but at gaining the divine secrets. While Elizabeth contemplates ââ¬Å"with a serious and satisfied spirit the magnificent appearances of things,â⬠Victor delights ââ¬Å"in investigating their causes. â⬠Elizabeth follows ââ¬Å"the aerial creations of the poetsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"in the majestic and wondrous scenesâ⬠she finds ââ¬Å"ample scope for admiration and delight,â⬠while Victor is ââ¬Å"capable of a more intense application,â⬠and is ââ¬Å"more deeply smitten with the thirst for knowledgeâ⬠(15). He elevates his intellect, but not his soul. He does not realize that new born (for his creation emerges in a completely unfamiliar world) needs love and attendance. Striving to eternal light,â⬠he encounters ââ¬Å"impenetrable darkness. â⬠Night is closing around,â⬠â⬠dark are the mountains,â⬠ââ¬Å"heavens are cloudedâ⬠(40-41). The ââ¬Å"spark of beingâ⬠turns out a hideous abortion. ââ¬Å"Thick mists hide the summits of the mountainsâ⬠(54). Frankenstein falls into ââ¬Å"deep, dark, deathlike solitudeâ⬠(50). Suffering ââ¬Å"the eternal twinkling of the stars weighed upon him,â⬠instead of delighting ââ¬Å"eternal light,â⬠he exclaims: ââ¬Å"Oh! stars, and clouds, and winds, ye are all about to mock me: if ye really pity me, crush sensation and memory; let me become as nought; but if not, depart, depart, and leave me in darknessâ⬠(87). The magnificent scenes give way to appalling ââ¬Å"dusky plainâ⬠(124). The other aspect of the ice, according Nikolchina, is ââ¬Å"something barren and lifeless; like a power, which is hostile to life; like mutenessâ⬠(88). Longing revenge, Victor departs from land and ââ¬Å"pursues his journey across the sea in a direction that leads to no land,â⬠ââ¬Å"â⬠¦the snows thicken and the cold increases in a degree almost too severe to supportâ⬠¦ The rivers were covered with ice and no fish could be procuredâ⬠(123). The nature seems to be inspirited and acts against Frankenstein: ââ¬Å"Immense and rugged mountains of ice often barred up my passage, and I often heard the thunder of the ground sea which threatened my destructionâ⬠(124). It seems he has stepped on some unseen border that can not be crossed. ââ¬Å"When he appears almost within grasp of his foe, his hopes are suddenly extinguished, [ ]. The wind arises; the sea roars; and, as with the mighty shock of an earthquake, it splits and cracks with a tremendous and overwhelming sound. The work is soon finished: in a few minutes a tumultuous sea rolls between him and his enemy, and he is left drifting on a scattered piece of ice, that is continually lessening, and thus preparing for him a hideous deathâ⬠(124). ââ¬Å"Walton is also surrounded by mountains of ice which admit of no escape and threaten every moment to crush his vesselâ⬠(127). The situation with the ââ¬Å"unearthlyâ⬠creature is however different. The stream of his spiritual development is contrary to the ones of Frankenstein and Walton. Through the epithet ââ¬Å"unearthlyâ⬠Shelley differentiates him from mankind. While Walton and Victor aim ââ¬Å"wild and mysterious regions,â⬠the creature seeks an intimacy with common world. The monster is ââ¬Å"immaculate in a quite literal meaning ââ¬â he is empty, tabula rasaâ⬠(Nikolchina 72). Every scene and every feeling he touches to are admirable for him. Everything is for the first time. He is a child. The monster meets the civilization, for the first, through the agency of fire, which is an allusion to a new Promethean deed. However he encounters some strangersââ¬â¢ fire. The ââ¬Å"new bornâ⬠learns everything from the outside world, from accidental circumstances. There is no one to guide him, no one to show him what is worth learning. According to A. A. Belskee, Shelley displays ââ¬Å"the destructiveness of individualism, the tragedy of compulsory desolation, the intangibility of happiness without associating with othersâ⬠(Belskee 303). Every approach to human society brings a lot of suffering to the creature, notwithstanding he sees ââ¬Å"the future gilded by bright rays of hope and anticipations of joyâ⬠(65). Despondently speaking to Walton he describes himself as ââ¬Å"the miserable and the abandoned, [â⬠¦] an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled onâ⬠(133). The only possible interrelation with the surrounding world is violence. His crimes are a natural reaction, a rebel against the complete solitude. Otherwise the monster ââ¬Å"could not conceive how one man could go forth to murder his fellow, [â⬠¦] when I heard details of vice and bloodshed, my wonder ceased, and I turned away with disgust and loathingâ⬠(68). He clearly declares: ââ¬Å"I was the slave, not the master, of an impulse which I detested, yet could not disobeyâ⬠(132). The wretched interprets his lot as worse than Satanââ¬â¢s from Miltonââ¬â¢s Paradise Lost, for ââ¬Å"Satan had his companions, fellow-devils, to admire and encourage him; but I am solitary and abhorredâ⬠(74). He is the only one of the tree, the only one in the world, who completely rejects society with its gall, the only one who crosses the ââ¬Å"border,â⬠laid by society, and fades in ââ¬Å"no land. â⬠He fades for there will be no one to see him. The ââ¬Å"eternal frostsâ⬠have frozen all the hatred into his ââ¬Å"ice-raftâ⬠and he is ââ¬Å"soon borne away by the waves and lost in darkness and distanceâ⬠(143). The hopes of ââ¬Å"poorâ⬠Frankenstein also fade with his death. He remains at the icy border, between ââ¬Å"eternal lightâ⬠and ââ¬Å"darkness and distance. â⬠The only thing he succeeds in is revealing these two possibilities for the future human nature: ââ¬Å"Seek happiness in tranquillity and avoid ambition, even if it be only the apparently innocent one of distinguishing yourself in science and discoveries. Yet why do I say this? I have myself been blasted in these hopes, yet another may succeed. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-89780247960802620792020-03-09T23:22:00.001-07:002020-03-09T23:22:03.104-07:00Team based managementTeam based management Free Online Research Papers When two or more people gather together in order to accomplish a common task, then itââ¬â¢s known as a group. A team comprises of a group of people who are link for a common purpose. Teams are suitable for tasks which are complicated in nature. In a team there are different people with different skills to support one another. People individual ability helps minimize other peopleââ¬â¢s disability. There are many teams like independent and interdependent team; self managed team, project teams, sports team, cross functional team and virtual team. (Wikipedia, 2008) The main objective of this essay is to identify the advantages of team based management and affect of team on organization culture and structure. In this essay, different types of teams, pros and cons of team, impacts of team on organization structure and culture have been discussed. A team which is staffed with a mix of specialists is known as a cross functional team. On the other hand members of virtual team are electrically connected. These types of teams are important for the success of any organization. A teamââ¬â¢s effectiveness can be determined by considering the people and organizational related factor. Employee job satisfaction, high job security, mutual trust and team spirit, good communication, low unresolved problem and power struggle lies in the people related factors. Organization stability, proper reward and compensation, autonomy, stable goals, well directives lies in the organizational factors. Combination of these two factors builds up an effective team. High performance, high morale, high job security, high team commitment are the characteristics of an effective team. Another important aspect of building an effective team is trust. Trust is the belief in integrity, character and ability of others. Without trust an effective team cannot be formed. Trust leads to the way of revealing information which creates influence on others and help to gain control on one-self as well as others. Communication, support, respect, fairness, predictability and competency are the six steps of building trust. (Kreitner, 2007) Teams are basic functional unit of an organization. It brings complementary skills and experiences of various people which is better than any individual. It produces high morale, productivity and sense of competition among the members of an organization. Teams are not always effective. It has some advantages and disadvantages as well. Advantages of having a team includes highly motivated work climate and environment, shared ownership, faster response to technology change, cross training, delegation of work, better communication, improved self- worth etc. On the other hand disadvantages of a team includes time consuming and conflicting, confused group member, role confusion and required longer time for results etc. Everything has itââ¬â¢s positive and negative side. But nowadays teams are coming to the lime light only because of itââ¬â¢s high efficiency. A well organized team can bring a company tremendous result. The company might reach to its desired target before deadline. Fo r all these reasons, the concept of team is now emerging. One another thing is mentionable here that all workplace groups are not teams. To be a team, group of people have to behave like a team. There should be trust among the team members and a driving force of achievement should be there in the team. (Alachua excels, N/A) There are several ways of building a team. The three most practiced approaches are formal retreat, continual improvement and outdoor experience. In case of outdoor experience approach, the members of a team a put in such an outdoor situation where they have to work physically and mentally to prove their capabilities. Though its not a widely practiced approach but itââ¬â¢s a good way to build a team. For an effective team building, the members should be given clear and specific objective. There should be good communication among members and the leaders should play a role model for the members. While choosing the members the organization has to be careful about the skills of the members. Members with proper skills should be taken in the team. The team members should be regularly introduced with new facts and there must be driving force in the team which will lead the team toward achievement. Regular feedback should be provided for the team members and there should be specific traini ng and development programs. By following all these criteria an effective team can be formed. It is very important for any team to have clear goals. Each member should know what their role is in a team and there should be no role ambiguity or role uncertainty. It only creates confusion among the members. If everyone in the team behaves according to their role, itââ¬â¢ll be easy to reach the goal. (Wood, Chapman, Osborn, 2004) The basic foundation of an organization is its structure. It makes up the organization. The type of the structure is purely determined by the type of the organization. Whether the organization is product oriented or service oriented is the indicator of the structure of the organization. Wheelwright and Clark defined two types of organizations; the functional organization and the project organization. Functional organizations are mainly service oriented organizations. One people has all the skills to complete a task and the type of job is not that much complicated. A light-weighted matrix organization remains functional and the level of specialization is comparable to that found in the functional mode. What is different is the addition of a product manager who coordinates the product creation activities through liaison representatives from each function. Their main tasks are: to collect information, to solve conflicts and to facilitate achievement of overall project objectives. Their status and influence are less as compared to functional managers, because they have no direct access to working-level people. On the other hand, in case of project organization, the job is complicated and usually a single person doesnââ¬â¢t have all the knowledge and capability to complete the task. The level of difficulty is also high here. Team based management is appropriate for these types of organization. In these types of organizations the workload is high and complex. So, team is used here to remove the unnecessary variables and make the production faster. In increases productivity as well as specialization. But itââ¬â¢s not possible to implement team based management in functional organization. In functional organization there are only temporary formal teams like quality control teams or task team. These teams are created for a specific purpose and after the completion of task the team gets disbanded. But in production based organizations, team is a must. Without a tea m the production will not be up to the mark. (Organizational Structure, N/A) [Online] To sustain in todayââ¬â¢s competitive business environment organizations must change their organization structure. The primary objective of changing organization structure is nothing but promoting globalization. Especially the production oriented organization should concentrate more on changing the structure. Long ago Henry Fordââ¬â¢s assembly line has proven the effectiveness of team. It not only increases the production capability of the organization but also increases specialization. Through specialization they create a life long employment opportunity for the worker. It is expensive to transform the bureaucratic organizations to a flat team based organization. For that the organization has to concentrate on horizontal specialization of the employees which includes more personal coordination and customer oriented service. The design of the organization has to be transferred to organic design. Though organic designs are not as productive as mechanistic organization but in the long run organic design proves to be beneficial for the organization since the employees donââ¬â¢t get dissatisfied. (Chowdhury, F. 2008). Centralization refers to the degree power is distributed in the organization. In centralized organizations power is in the hand of the top level management. In this type of organization team based management doesnââ¬â¢t work properly. Here teams emerge only to solve problems and after solving the problem the team gets dissolved. The members of the team donââ¬â¢t know much about the higher level of the organization. So they are not that much effective. On the other hand teams are appropriate for decentralized organizations. This is the culture of decentralized organizations. In this type of organization power is delegated to lower level and teams work together to achieve the goal. The competition among teams is more intense in these organizations which are a positive factor. (Team self management, organizational structure and judgments of team effectiveness, 2004) [Online] Itââ¬â¢s not obvious that teams will work effectively and create a positive impact on the organizational goal. Sometimes reverse happens and the team dysfunctions. There are several reasons behind dysfunction of a team. The main reasons are lack of trust, fear of conflict, lack of commitment, avoidance of accountability and inattention to results. The main reason behind this is that sometimes team members think that their contribution is less noticeable and they are not properly rewarded. Sometimes team doesnââ¬â¢t see the end product which also is frustrating for them. Moreover there are social loafers who like to see others working in the team. Sometimes it takes long time to build a team. These are the reasons behind dysfunction of a team. These problems can be solved by applying Hackman and Oldhamââ¬â¢s job characteristic model. The best ways to motivate employees are skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy and feedback. (Chowdhury, F. 2008) Though there are some pros and cons of team based management but to sustain in todayââ¬â¢s world, it is important to implement this approach. Team based management affects the structure and culture of the organization and sometimes itââ¬â¢s expensive to implement this approach. From the above discussion it is clear that TBM is not appropriate all type of organizations. It is most suitable for the production oriented organizations. It is important to understand the basic motive of a team and the key points of building an effective team. Organizations for which teams are suitable and the key points of building an effective team are discussed in this essay. [1649 words] Research Papers on Team based managementTrailblazing by Eric AndersonResearch Process Part OneThe Project Managment Office SystemThe Hockey GameIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductOpen Architechture a white paper Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-20929226272377088522020-02-22T13:48:00.001-08:002020-02-22T13:48:02.260-08:00Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1Reflection paper - Essay Example For instance, both parents collaboratively decided on the school where we are to be enrolled and the means to support us. The goal was for us to finish our studies and to provide the direction to eventually become self-sustaining and self-reliant. As a leader, he also assumed the roles of a coach, a mentor, a guidance counselor and a disciplinarian. He was both an authoritarian leader and at the same time, a democratic leader where he encouraged us to voice out our opinions and to participate in decision-making processes that would be beneficial for the whole family. When I started school, my teachers became my leaders in the academic setting. Again, teachers from various grade levels have identified course objectives and designed various instructional approaches with the use of instructional materials that would assist in achieving the define goals. As leaders, my teachers became my mentors, coach, guidance counselors in terms of academic performance, and provider of knowledge, and a developer of skills. Especially in higher education, as I pursued the Police Leadership Program, my professors in the course provided opportunities for learning advanced modules in areas where I need to focus on. As leaders, my professors provided the direction and guidance through course modules, lessons, concrete examples, and by giving home works and scenarios that would develop my cognitive and analytical skills, as well as the leadership skills needed for law enforcement officers. My professors have prepared personal and professional development programs that would enable us to become future leaders. Finally, in the work setting, as a police officer in Saudi Arabia, I was able to get a first-hand experience of leadership from my supervisors. They are the true leaders in a law enforcement agency where functions expected from leaders were observed. These functions included planning, organizing, directing, Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-67579691473059855522020-02-06T06:36:00.001-08:002020-02-06T06:36:02.047-08:00Thematic Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsThematic - Research Paper Example The Old Testament and New Testament are different in certain ways, but at the same time, share common characteristics that are clear and overt. For instance, the Old Testament basically demonstrates the creation of Godââ¬â¢s Law, whereas the New Testament illustrates how Jesus, the Son of God, has fulfilled this law. Although both testaments fight for the same cause, the fact remains that the various biblical themes presented in both are different. In this light, the paper at hand focuses on the biblical theme of faith, how it is portrayed in the Old Testament and how the theme has been developed in the New Testament. With reference to the opening verse presented in this paper, it is a known fact that Hebrews 11 contains the best and strongest depiction of the biblical theme of faith. ââ¬ËThe conviction of things not seenââ¬â¢ as well as ââ¬Ëwhat is seen was not made out of things which are visible,ââ¬â¢ are elements that arise out of faith of the individuals. It is quite hard to believe what cannot be seen, however, faith in Christianity enables the individual to believe in the divine almighty even though He cannot be seen and there is no solid proof of His existence. However, faith here plays a monumental role, as it is faith that facilitates belief in things not seen, and enhances a Christianââ¬â¢s understanding as to the fact that whatever is seen now, that is, the whole world, was not made from things which were visible, but rather, by that invisible phenomenon on which the whole of Christianity depends. Thus, Christians achieve the salvation in justification that comes throug h faith and transcends beyond any ââ¬Å"mortal effortsâ⬠of the individuals in trying to gain satisfaction of Godââ¬â¢s justice in the redemption of fallen men (Lensch 1). On the other hand, Old Testament brings to fore the fact that God has selected the Jews as His chosen people, whereas in the New Testament the focus is places on Godââ¬â¢s dealings within His Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-48049465735346463122020-01-28T17:37:00.001-08:002020-01-28T17:37:04.499-08:00Electoral College System Essay Example for Free Electoral College System Essay The President and the Vice President of the United States are elected indirectly by an institution known as the Electoral College. The U. S. Constitution provides the broad framework through which electors are appointed and by which they cast votes for the President and Vice President. In evaluating the contingent election process, some commentators have suggested that any threshold inquiry requires assessing how often contingent election occurs. If the results of a general election are frequently inconclusive, they increase the likelihood of contingent election. The democratic criteria require implementing reforms that bring the people into the contingency process. Critics of the Electoral College system argue that the presence of viable and well-funded third-party or independent presidential candidates, who may be able to garner electoral votes by carrying a plurality of the votes in statewide elections, increases the likelihood of contingent election. Analysis of criticism of the Electoral College system There are several shortcomings of the Electoral College as cited by the proponents of the presidential election reform. These shortcomings have raised justifications for reform or abolition of the current system. One of the criticism is on the Electoral College is the Electoral College deadlock of the contingent election. In this one, the 12th amendment provide that the House of Representatives should choose a president and the senate chooses the vice president by contingent election if the presidential and the vice presidential candidates votes have not reached a simple majority of the Electoral College votes. The election of the president by the House of Representatives happened only once on the February 9th, 1825 where John Quincy Adams was elected as President over Andrew Jackson. This election was criticized by some commentators saying that it brought about a constitutional crisis since the president was selected as part of a political corrupt bargain because some of the presidential candidates were disqualified from the contingent election. Critics claim that this election removes the choice of president and vice president voters (Whitaker Neale, 2004). Another criticism is on the minority president which was expressed in the Electoral College misfire. In this one, the current electoral college system can result in the election of a minority president which states that the president can be one who wins the majority of the electoral votes even though he has lost the popular votes. This was experienced in the 1800s where three minority presidents namely, John Quincy Adams in 1824, Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876, and Benjamin Harrison in1888. The other criticisms are on the current methods of allocating electoral votes, the decennial census problem, and the faithless elector, presidential succession between nomination and inauguration, independent and the third party versus major party candidates. These criticisms have caused so many controversies that have made many people believe that the current Electoral College system is not a good system and therefore it needs amendment (Whitaker Neale, 2004). Advantages of various reform proposals. The electoral college reform proposals include (1)the district plan, awarding each state two at large electoral votes to the state-wide popular vote winners, and one electoral vote to the winning candidate in each congressional district; (2) the proportional plan, awarding electoral votes in states in direct proportion to the popular vote gained in the state by each candidate; and (3) the automatic plan, awarding each stateââ¬â¢s electoral votes directly on a winner-take- all basis to the statewide vote winners (Amar, 1995). The advantages to the electoral-vote system include its tendency to produce a clear winner. The constitution is however subject to change, allowing for the second vote in case of depressed voter turnout. Great leverage is also given to third party candidates by requiring the winner to have a majority and by this it calls for fair and just elections. A National Election Agency is incorporated in the system to run the vote. However, the government also comes in to help, where the National Election Agency has fewer powers under the government (Amar, 1995). Despite the fact that the president alone is elected by the people, doesnââ¬â¢t mean he can legitimately defy the law. It is good to know that the elections are fair in that a presidential candidate who stands in his campaign and wins with a substantial majority of votes from the American people does of course gain the mandate. The candidate who emerges with the most electoral votes has a fully legitimate claim to the office for the next four years (Amar, 1995). Disadvantages of various reform proposals. In the U. S there is a rule that, a candidate chosen on the Election Day may not be the president. Therefore if it happens that a candidate has failed to win the national popular vote, he might be sworn in as the president by the virtue of claiming more electoral votes on than his opponents. Therefore the main disadvantage of such kind of proposal, is that if the sitting president who lost in the popular vote is returned again to power after his rejection, then there will be a wide condemnation on the Electoral college as a wacky anachronism which will lead to extensive demands for the amendments of the constitution in order for the replacement of the electoral vote with popular election (Longley, 2008). Due to this kind of proposals, there is a possibility of not telling the exact winner since the constitution is the main source of authenticity. The main disadvantage here is that there might be a possibility of both candidates having different fundamental campaigns which give different issues of emphasis and making frequent appearances in different states. Another disadvantage for this proposal is the argument on which candidate to take office and who was chosen by an archaic and wholly irrational system. If the electoral system is replaced, by the popular vote election, since it is not irrational there is a possibility of embarrassment on the president opting to be chosen by this process (Dellinger, 2004). Another greatest disadvantage of the present system of voting in U. S is that there is a possibility that the candidate who receives the most votes from the nation (people) may not take office. Therefore the present president in office may face many challenges and offsetting values since he or she was not put in by the majority. The disadvantage of the constitutional system for choosing a president in the U. S is not perfect and needs to be changed and therefore the candidate who emerges with most electoral votes has full justified claim to the office for four years (Dellinger, 2004). Conclusion It is clear that once the candidate chosen by the people of the United States on the Election Day may not become president. The candidate must choose the constitutional rules currently in place. In the voting parties, the party that receives more total votes nationally wins the parliament while the one with fewer total votes chooses the Nationââ¬â¢s prime minister. The constitution however, is subject to change (Longley Dana, 1992). Amending the Constitution to alter it would present a series of difficult questions: Will we give great leverage to third party candidates by requiring the winner to have a majority? Will we have a runoff, which might lead to depressed turnout for the second vote? Will we create a National Election Agency to run the vote and or leave it with the 51 governments who now run it? If those states report raw votes, will they somehow artificially increase the number of voters in the state or pad the totalsââ¬âa temptation now avoided by having a set number of electoral votes for each state? These are not insurmountable objections to constitutional change, but they should certainly give pause (Longley Dana, 1992). References Amar, A. R. (1995). Presidents, Vice Presidents, and Death: Closing the Constitutionââ¬â¢s Succession Gap Dellinger, W. (2004). Popularity contest in defense of the Electoral College, Washington Post.Newsweek Interactive Co. LLC. Retrieved October 26th, 2008, from http://www. slate. com/id/2108991/ Longley R. (2008). The Electoral College System, who really elects the president of the united states, About . com Longley, L. D. Dana, J. D. , Jr. (1992). The Biases of the Electoral College in the 1990s Whitaker, L. P. Neale, T. H. (2004, November 5). The Electoral College: An Overview and Analysis of Reform Proposals. CRS Report for Congress. Retrieved October 26th, 2008, from http://italy. usembassy. gov/pdf/other/RL30804. pdf. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-86079224067229441092020-01-20T14:01:00.001-08:002020-01-20T14:01:03.783-08:00Telecommunication :: Communication Technology Media EssaysTelecommunication Abstract What is telecommunication? Although a considerable number of studies have been actually conducted on telecommunication, I have never had academic opportunity to examine what it is. While the word ?etelecommunication?f has been brought to public attention, how many of us can exactly define it? How many of us can explain it in cultural context as well as in technological context? In my opinion, the word ?etelecommunication?f seems to be going forward itself so that our consciousness cannot catch up with it. As a new graduate student of the department of telecommunication, I hope to comprehensively understand what telecommunication is, and organize present issues systematically through this article. According to the requirement, this article consists of the following: areas and issues in telecommunication; key questions that telecommunication tries to answer; methods for studying, researching, and creating in telecommunication; and my learning and career goals for my telecommunication M A. What is telecommunication? In order to answer a kind of vague question such as what telecommunication is, I would like to focus on the areas in telecommunication in the beginning. Carne (1995) proposed the following: Telecommunication means communication from afar; it is the action of communicating-at-distance. In the broadest sense, it can include several ways of communicating (letters, telegraphs, telephone, etc); however, it is customary to associate it only with electronic communication systems such as telephone, data communication, radio, and television. (p.5) From this viewpoint, one may say that telecommunication is literally one of the ways of communication to receive or send massages. The question I have to ask here is what communication is. We unconsciously use the word ?ecommunication?f in a daily life. Then, how can we define communication, whose categories seem to range widely? In 1985 Charp and Hines described communication as the method by which we exchange sounds, signals, pictures and languages between people and places (p.13). From this definition, I realize that discussion in a class, conversation with someone by phone, writing a letter, reading a newspaper, and watching television are all grouped into the same category named communication because we exchange something with somebody by them. The question is what differentiates one communication from the other at more detailed categories. The first thing I notice is that the way of communication is different from each other: in some cases, communication from one to many or many to many, in the others, however, communication in person. In addition, it seems to depend on whether it is mediated or not. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-32419893395005076322020-01-12T10:24:00.001-08:002020-01-12T10:24:03.597-08:00LongevityWhether it is or not people's decision how long they live is one of the most important debates nowadays. There are many factors that can affect someone's longevity, some of them are choices people make like smoking, drinking or keeping a healthy diet, but some other aspects Like socio-economic situation and genetic background may not be anyone's election. Penthouse this circumstances might affect the longevity of a certain person, this essay will argue that lifestyle choices are In fact the most relevant factor when It comes to life expectancy.Lifestyle choices like smoking and drinking, affect strongly a person's longevity. Penthouse not every smoking or drinking case ends In death, this lifestyle choices can lead to serious health Issues that can reduce the life expectancy of an Individual. A study held by L. Wilhelmina and other scientists, shows that there are many factors that can affect someone's longevity, and they conclude that non-smokers have a higher possibility of survivi ng.This is because smoking causes injuries in the immune, circulatory and respiratory systems and this further leads to diseases like anger and osteoporosis. But smoking is not the only threat to someone's health, drinking alcoholic beverages is extremely harmful, both mentally and physically, and can result with mortal consequences. According to Patrick M. Krueger, suicides, accidents, cancers and other diseases are the main causes of death in heavy drinkers. Drinking and smoking affect directly someone's life expectancy due to its health and mental consequences.In contrast, some socio-economic circumstances clearly impact on someone's longevity and lifestyle choices. Government interventions like the minimum wage, effect directly somebody's socio-economic situation, and economic instability can influence someone's lifestyle choices and longevity. For example, if the minimum wage decreases, and so does the price of fast food, a worker that earns a basic salary won ââ¬Ët be able to choose between fast food and healthy food because his budget only lets him spend in the cheapest food in the market.These can be In many ways someone's decision, penthouse aspects like the ones mentioned In the previous paragraph might Influence an Individual's choices. Obesity and sedentary can reduce someone's life expectancy. A study held by Kelly et al from The university Cambridge on the Impact of obesity In fife expectancy, predicted that overweight would reduce It by 0. 28 years. Longevity By militaries like socio-economic situation and genetic background may not be anyone's election. Say will argue that lifestyle choices are in fact the most relevant factor when it Penthouse not every smoking or drinking case ends in death, this lifestyle choices can lead to serious health issues that can reduce the life expectancy of an individual. Lets him spend in the cheapest food in the market. In countries like The United States income the lower the mortality, making it evident that income might be a method to identify the lifestyle situations, that lead to the health contrast within people of different economic groups (Marmot, 2002).On the other hand, overweight and the lack of physical activity alter negatively a person's life expectancy. These can be in many ways someone's decision, penthouse aspects like the ones mentioned in the previous paragraph might influence an individual's choices. Obesity and sedentary can reduce someone's life expectancy. A study held by Kelly et al from The University Cambridge on the impact of obesity in life expectancy, predicted that overweight would reduce it by 0. 28 years. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-9392720056872082632020-01-04T06:48:00.001-08:002020-01-04T06:48:03.301-08:00Freedom After 50 Years By Nelson A.denis Essay - 1475 Words Freedom Called After 50 Years The book War Against All Puerto Ricans Revolution and Terror In Americaââ¬â¢s Colony by Nelson A.Denis, was called to freedom after fifty years, this untold story is about the life of Pedro Albizu Campos and what he had went through while being the leader of helping Puerto Rico find their freedom. He saw Puerto Rico not being able to have their freedom and independence and horribly facing difficulties as a country, the Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico was in a rough position. Pedro Albizu became the first Puerto Rican man to graduate from Harvard Law School. As time went on he graduated and after he graduated from law school, he came to Puerto Rico to become an activist for suffering country to fight for what they deserved. Pedro watched his country become unsuccessful during the difficult events, he knew when he was old enough he wanted to make a change. During the war against the United States, Puerto Rico became weak as they began to run out of ideas to keep each other safe.Vi olence took over the island, assassins were sent to kill and repeatedly kill. During this time period President Harry Truman was killed by these assassins. Gunfights of no reasoning appeared in towns, police stations and post offices were being burnt down from left to right. In order to overcome these violent events, the US army developed thousands of troops and bombed two towns. Which, landed the first time in history that the US government had bombed their own citizens. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-43172504573175611382019-12-27T03:14:00.001-08:002019-12-27T03:14:03.912-08:00Movie Analysis Crash - 1853 Words GENRE I RACE IN THE FILM CRASH DEPARTMENT OF FILM AND CREATIVE WRITING INTRODUCTION TO FILM STUDIES B MODULE CODE: 09 24802 STUDENT ID: 1613440 MICHELE AARON UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM 1. Introduction This paper is a critical analysis of the American film Crash, directed by Paul Haggis which was performed for the first time in 2004. This essay will therefore deal with Gender I and Race, two of the approaches discussed in the subject Introduction to Film Studies B in the second semester. It will focus on genre iconography and racial stereotypes following the events developed in the film. Crash has a wide cast of popular actors and actresses as the couple of rich and white performed by Brendan Fraser and Sandra Bullock,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The dramatic irony is also a piece of iconography where the spectators know about a situation that the characters are unaware of. In drama films, dramatic irony is important because it helps the audience understand the plot or the emotional development of the character (Fotheringham, 2014). For instance, we as audience know that the Latino locksmith had nothing to do with the robbery of the Iranian store, so this allows us to empathize better with the character. Fotheringham states that rites of passage are a massive iconography for this genre ââ¬Å"as the audience likes to see the characters go through several emotions and challenges that will stop themâ⬠(Fotheringham, 2014, p.11). In fact, the film shows us how Christine feels repudiation toward the policeman that abused her, but she ends up feeling gratitude because he saved her life. So, spectators can identify here a process of mature emotional development in relation to the beginning of the film. However, from my point of view what classify the film Crash as a drama are fast scenes, full of violence and action; debilitation and lack of values; chaos and disintegration. Crash offers a new perspective on the city of Los Angeles by enhancing the differences of its inhabitants. The characters of Crash are caricatures with weak motivations, easy to handle. Thus, xenophobic and maniacal housewife embodied by Sandra Bullock, falls and, instead of dismissing her Latina maid for cleaningShow MoreRelatedMovie Analysis : The Movie Crash 1662 Words à |à 7 Pagesneed to know in a short amount of time.When it comes to the textual analysis of it all it all depends on how the script is written not only that but how the script is played out in the film. In the textual analysis of a film you have to really pay attention to the environment during the film. You have to pay attention to the race in the film, the themes throughout the film and the gender roles played in the film. In the movie Crash we see many pairs where they each have their own different points ofRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1055 Words à |à 5 Pages1108 23 November 2015 Movie Analysis Although the movie Crash aired in 2004, the movie does a phenomenal job at depicting social conflicts that are still evident in 2015. Crash, also deals with wide range of controversies and offers multiple narratives. And since narrative is always a two-way street, the movie does a great job of showing two perspectives of everything. More specifically, it challenges our ethical and moral beliefs in a sense that many of the scenes in the movie reside in the grey areaRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1362 Words à |à 6 Pagescalled ââ¬Å"Crashâ⬠, this movie basically talks about racism and the impact it has on the lives of people in Los Angeles. This movie got a good response from the viewers, as it concentrated on some real harsh realities of racism and asked some hard questions which are generally avoided in movies. This movie clearly promotes the a very delicate issue, and hence requires some detailed assessment. I personally feel the movie was good and it portrayed some very common events of racism, I think ââ¬Å"Crashâ⬠showsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Crash 963 Words à |à 4 Pagesindividual, for instance the way they perceive others and also the way they perceive themselves. Paul Haggisââ¬â¢s movie ââ¬Å"Crashâ⬠conceptualize on this idea and interpret it in an in entirely different way; so that we can see that there are reasons and motives to why our society is separated this type of way. The movie is full of many sociological issues, such as gender, race, and social class. The movie is centralize around racism, and wants to give its own interpretation on racism, the reasons why it happensRead MoreDepth Analysis of the Movie Crash2037 Words à |à 7 Pagespaper will provide a broad analysis of the movie Crash, and yet a specific picture of visual narrative techniques and audio techniques. The categories contributing to the nucleus and major movie components are theatrical elements, cinematography, editing, and sound. The Academy Award winning movie Crash is a story about society s controversial subjects projected in an in your face depiction of lives that in some way or another, cross. Depth Analysis of the Movie Crash The over-all theme ofRead MoreMovie Analysis : The Movie Crash1926 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Movie Crash takes place in Los Angeles, California in the winter time. Throughout this movie, all of the stories connect in one way or another. This movie shows the lives of a diverse population of people, they have different race and social classes. In one of the first parts of the movie, they show a racist pawn shop owner that refuses to sell a gun to a man, simply because he is speaking to his daughter in another language, he generalizes all people of that race and accuses the man of ââ¬Å"killingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Crash 1394 Words à |à 6 PagesCRASH! This was the last sound Tim Horton heard before he crashed into the woods. His drunk body made the violent rolling of the car feel like nothing. His mind still back at the bar, crying for a better life. He wanted this attempt to be painless and quick, but was depressed to see his immaculated body upside down in his turnovered car. The drunk had no more tears to shed, he had no screams to let out; all he could do was hit his head against the seat. He wanted something to break ,but his mindRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash 1606 Words à |à 7 Pagesare many movies out there that take a viewpoint form so many angles, this movie Crash does this that. Watching this mo vie brought about many emotions from my own life but to get a sense of what other people in the world go through when it comes to interacting with other races, the experiences weââ¬â¢ve had with them and also the perspectives we hold inside of us overall. This chapter will look at three scenes form the move crash and break each one of them down to showcase the significance of what individualRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Crash Essay1448 Words à |à 6 PagesWriting Inquiryà à September 29, 2106à à à à à à Crash Movie Essayà à Since the beginning of time, the world has been intolerant of people that are different or stand out. People have an issue accepting others that have contrasting views, values, opinions, beliefs, and even appearances. Whether we like it or not, there is a little bit racism in all of us, although it may not be as evident in one person as it is in another. In the 2004 film,à Crash, race is portrayed as being an abnormality that negativelyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Crash 1174 Words à |à 5 Pages Crash, a movie released in 2004, was set during what seemed to be quite a short time after the incident of 9/11. The entirety of this film paints such an emotional and touching portrait of racism within our seemingly modern society. It shows quite a few ethnic stereotypes that many people still will witness today; an older man who must obviously be Muslim because he s from the Middle East, and a Latino gang member who bears an assortment of tattoos and sports a shaved head. The interactions Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-22502924817177154612019-12-18T23:03:00.001-08:002019-12-18T23:03:03.115-08:00Planning Your Perfect Vacation Essay - 1014 Words William Vera Mr. Carli Process Paper English 101 at 8am February 27th, 2011 Planning Your Perfect Vacation Choosing a destination for your vacation may be the easiest part of planning the whole trip but planning the details of it is the hard part. Some people have it down to a science and some do it all last minute. When you wait until the last minute to plan your trip it can end up being very expensive. I prefer to keep it simple and take my time planning my trip, keeping it as stress free as possible. The first step in planning your vacation is choosing the destination. Make sure that it is somewhere that you and/or your companion are going to enjoy. If you are planning to go out of the country, donââ¬â¢t forget that you willâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Youââ¬â¢re going on vacation so pack comfortably When you have chosen the location and received your passport the next thing you must do is choose the dates that you will be going on your vacation but you must also make sure that they corresponds with the climate. If you decide to go to a warmer climate then you may want to go between the months of October and May because the temperatures are not so extreme. If the hot summer months are what you enjoy, then I recommend that you go on vacation from June through September. On the other hand, if you choose to go to a cooler climate where it snows in the winter months I would go during the summer. After you choose your destination the next thing you must do is reserve your airfare and hotel. This may be tough because there are many websites and travel agents that you can go through. I have found that it is cheaper and easier to go through Expedia.com. You can book your hotel and flight all together and pay one low price. I have also found that flying with Southwest Airlines is very cheap and they have many one way stops all across the country and for a cheap hotel that is very nice I recommend the Extended Stay America. While you are on your vacation make sure you make plenty of time for sightseeing. If you are going to the Caribbean or someplace that has a beautiful body of water that had lots of ocean life in it then I recommend going diving or snorkeling. This is a great way to get in touch withShow MoreRelatedEssay on My Perfect Dream Vacation: Theres No Place Like Home997 Words à |à 4 PagesMy Perfect Dream Vacation: Theres No Place Like Home Almost everyone has their own idea of a dream vacation. Its the perfect place to get away from the reality of every day life and the stress that goes along with it, and the choices and ideas of the ââ¬Å"perfect vacationâ⬠are as varied as the people who dream about them. Some fantasize about lazing on a warm, sunny beach with soft ocean breezes and a cold exotic drink at their side. Some dream of forests and wildlife, cool runningRead MoreBest Vacation Planning Tips With Soufeel886 Words à |à 4 PagesBest Vacation Planning Tips with Soufeel As you know, Ben and I just came back from an amazing vacation to Spain. I can t be happier as I finally saw with my own eyes all of the creations of my favorite artist/architect Antoni Gaudi and tasted all of the amazing dishes from Spanish cuisine. I love to take the time and plan our vacation on my own so we can see not only basic tourist attractions but also live for a couple of days as locals of the place we visit. Even though this year we booked theRead MoreLae Task 1772 Words à |à 4 Pagesa life time dream vacation would be a priceless experience. Traveling to new and exciting places would create ever lasting memories that we would share for a lifetime. A vacation is a wonderful way for us to have a break from every day stresses and schedule conflicts. A luxury cruise can offer all these things and much more. Personally experiencing what a luxury cruise has to offer, I can guarantee a cost worthy, indulgent and memorable experience. The most enjoyable vacation Iââ¬â¢ve experienced wasRead MoreThe Caribbe A Vacation Destination For Guests Of All Ages1096 Words à |à 5 Pagestruly has some beautiful vacation destinations that offer a plethora of activity opportunities and experiences for families, backpackers and honeymooners alike. Whether it is about a culinary trip or a relaxed coupleââ¬â¢s retreat in a secluded beachfront villa, Caribbean destinations have it all to fulfill your wishes of an once-in-a-lifetime vacation. With wide choices of lodging to choose from and endless activity opportunities, each destination in the Caribbean is a dream vacation spot in itself. PlusRead MoreThe Tourism Product- Components of the Tourism Industry1588 Words à |à 7 Pagesthat link together, to provide a family, couple or a group with a vacation. These components are more like steps. These steps include, how you get to your destination, where you stay, what activities you do and who organizes all of these things. The formal names for these components are: accommodation sector, attraction sector, transport sector, travel organisers sector, destination sector. They all play a vital role in any vacation. The accommodation sector deals with where they are going to stayRead MoreCome tour Niagaraââ¬â¢s Wine Route with winetourlimo.ca and see why they have grabbed the worldââ¬â¢s700 Words à |à 3 Pagesshores of Lake Ontario. The Niagara region has been blessed with the perfect climate and geography that supports the growth of the vineyards and the wineries. The remarkable diversity that is offered to visitors, with the smaller boutique wineries to the fancier celebrity ones and those that produce organic wine keeps you wanting to go back again and again. When it comes to Niagara Wine Tours, winetourlimo.ca sets the perfect standards All you need to do is to sit back and relax in one of our latestRead MoreLegendary Destination : A Destination Vacation1413 Words à |à 6 PagesKeyword: Legendary Preferred Destinations(01_tag) 3 ââ¬â 60 Biography 2_tag) 1. Legendary Preferred Destinations: Take a Vacation That s Legendary Legendary Preferred Destinations offers travelers who seek excitement a one of a kind vacation experience. With popular venues throughout Mexico and the Dominican Republic, this bespoke vacation club provides the finest resorts and facilities to each guest. Explore the stunning beaches and historical sites while basking in the tropical weather. Build lastingRead MoreAmerica in the 1950s Essay582 Words à |à 3 Pagesshould behave. Advertisements for real estate were designed to sell to the ââ¬Å"All-Americanâ⬠family. For example; Dad would be the returned home veteran who is now running the company, Mom is an ideal housewife who works a couple days a week for extra vacation cash, little Billy likes baseball and his sister Susie plays with dolls. Houses designed with this type of family in mind would prove very effective in luring away many from the city to live in suburbs like this at a rapid pace. Most jobs in theRead MoreSummary : One Good Time On Rocky Point Mexico 1487 W ords à |à 6 Pagesa few things learned and information to share with others planning on taking on their own adventure across the border. I will cover my experience along with all of the doââ¬â¢s and donââ¬â¢ts while trekking to Mexico. From packing lists, good restaurants, places to avoid, and the best excursions and attractions to conquer while abroad, you will know everything you need to know about traveling to Rocky Point by the end of this review. Planning and budgeting is an essential component for any trip in myRead MoreIncome Inequality : A Problem Of Concern Since The 1920 S853 Words à |à 4 Pagesyear from financial assistance; they are expecting another child and planning their next vacation for $16,000. My husband and I pay taxes regularly and have for some time, but still cannot afford a $16,000 vacation. We donââ¬â¢t yearn for the vacation as much as we yearn for not having to support lazy citizens taking advantage of the system. There is the less fortunate that try to make a dollar and live bare. If you have worked your whole life for what you have and you barely get by, you are the majority Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-22529847189205378162019-12-10T19:44:00.001-08:002019-12-10T19:44:04.361-08:00Rapunzel free essay sample There were once a man and a woman who had long in vain wished for a child. At length the woman hoped that God was about to grant her desire. These people had a little window at the back of their house from which a splendid garden could be seen, which was full of the most beautiful flowers and herbs. It was, however, surrounded by a high wall, and no one dared to go Into It because It belonged to an enchantress, who had great power and was dreaded by all the world.One day the woman was standing by this window and looking down into the garden, when she saw a bed which was planted with the most beautiful ramping (airplane), and it looked so fresh and green that she longed for it, she quite pined away, and began to look pale and miserable. Then her husband was alarmed, and asked: What ails you, dear wife? Ah, she replied, if I cant eat some of the ramping, which is in the garden behind our house, I shall die. We will write a custom essay sample on Rapunzel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The man, who loved her, thought: Sooner than let your wife die, bring her some of the ramping yourself, let it cost what it will. At twilight, he clambered down over the wall into the garden of the enchantress, hastily clutched a handful of ramping, and took it to his wife. She at once made herself a salad of It, and ate It greedily. It tasted so good to her-?so very good, that the next day she longed for It three times as much as before. If he was to have any rest, her husband must once more descend Into the garden.In the gloom of evening therefore, he let himself down again; but when he had clambered down the wall he was terribly afraid, for he saw the enchantress standing before him. How can you dare, said she with angry look, descend into my garden and steal my ramping like a thief? You shall suffer for it! Ah, answered he, let mercy take the place of Justice, I only made up my mind to o it out of necessity. My wife saw your ramping from the window, and felt such a longing for it that she would have died if she had not got some to eat. Then the enchantress allowed her anger to be softened, and said to him: If the case be as you say, I will allow you to take away with you as much ramping as you will, only I make one condition, you must give me the child which your wife will bring Into the world; It shall be well treated, and will care for It Like a mother. The man In his terror consented to everything, and when the woman was brought to bed, the enchantress appeared at once, gave the child the name of Airplane, and took it away with her. Airplane grew into the most beautiful child under the sun.When she was twelve years old, the enchantress shut her into a tower, which lay in a forest, and had neither stairs nor door, but quite at the top was a little window. When the enchantress wanted to go in, she placed herself beneath it and cried: Airplane, Airplane, Let down your hair to me. Airplane had magnificent long hair, fine as spun gold, and when she heard the voice of the enchantress she unfastened her braided tresses, wound them round one of the hooks of the window above, and then he hair fell twenty ells down, and the enchantress climbed up by it.After a year or two, It came to pass that the kings son rode through the forest and passed by the tower. Then he heard a song, which was so charming that he stood still and listened. This was Airplane, who In her solitude passed her time In letting her sweet voice resound. The kings son wanted to climb up to her, and looked for the door of the touched his heart, that every day he went out into the forest and listened to it. Once when he was thus standing behind a tree, he saw that an enchantress came there, ND he heard how she cried: Airplane, Airplane, Let down your hair to me. Then Airplane let down the braids of her hair, and the enchantress climbed up to her. If that is the ladder by which one mounts, I too will try my fortune, said he, and the next day when it began to grow dark, he went to the tower and cried: Airplane, Airplane, Let down your hair to me. Immediately the hair fell down and the kings son climbed up. At first Airplane was terribly frightened when a man, such as her eyes had never yet beheld, came to her; but the kings son began to talk to her quite eke a friend, and told her that his heart had been so stirred that it had let him have no res t, and he had been forced to see her. Then Airplane lost her fear, and when he asked her if she would take him for her husband, and she saw that he was young and handsome, she thought: He will love me more than old Dame Goethe does; and she said yes, and laid her hand in his. She said: l will willingly go away with you, but I do not know how to get down. Bring with you a skein of silk every time that you come, and I will weave a ladder with it, and when that is ready I will descend, and you will cake me on your horse. They agreed that until that time he should come to her every evening, for the old woman came by day.The enchantress remarked nothing of this, until once Airplane said to her: Tell me, Dame Goethe, how it happens that you are so much heavier for me to draw up than the young kings son-?he is with me in a moment. Ah! You wicked child, cried the enchantress. What do I hear you say! I thought I had separated you from all the world, and yet you have deceived me! In her anger she clutched Rapeseeds beautiful tr esses, wrapped them twice round her left and, seized a pair of scissors with the right, and snip, snap, they were cut off, and the lovely braids lay on the ground. And she was so pitiless that she took poor Airplane into a desert where she had to live in great grief and misery. On the same day that she cast out Airplane, however, the enchantress fastened the braids of hair, which she had cut off, to the hook of the window, and when the kings son came and cried: Airplane, Airplane, Let down your hair to me. she let the hair down. The kings son ascended, but instead of finding his dearest Airplane, he found the enchantress, who gazed at him with wicked and venomous looks. Aha! She cried mockingly, you would fetch your dearest, but the beautiful bird sits no longer singing in the nest; the cat has got it, and will scratch out your eyes as well. Airplane is lost to you; you will never see her again. The kings son was beside himself with pain, and in his despair he leapt down from the tower. He escaped with his life, but the thorns into which he fell pierced his eyes. Then he wandered quite blind about the forest, ate nothing but roots and berries, and did naught but lament and weep over the loss f his dearest wife.Thus he roamed about in misery for some years, and at length came to the desert where Airplane, with the twins to which she had given birth, a boy and a girl, lived in wretchedness. He heard a voice, and it seemed so familiar to him that he went towards it, and when he approached, Airplane knew him and fell on his neck and wept. Two of her tears wetted his eyes and they grew clear again, and he could see with them as before. He led her to his kingdom where he was joyfully received, and they lived for a long time afterwards, happy and contented. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-32239506020475345332019-12-03T07:27:00.001-08:002019-12-03T07:27:02.742-08:00Leigh Ann Walker Case Analysis Essay ExampleLeigh Ann Walker Case Analysis Paper After we reviewed the case of Leigh Ann Walker and discussed it as a group, we felt that Jackie Vaughn overreacted to Walkers admission that she had been untruthful regarding the CPA exam. Walker was only trying to protect her reputation when she had told Vaughn that she had not taken the CPA exam in May and was planning on taking it in November. She had been given a great opportunity in her mind to start her career working with a well-respected individual within the company such as Jackie Vaughn. In Vaughn mind, she didnt want to waste such an opportunity, so he was going to do everything possible to make sure that she did an adequate Job and to impress her superior in every way she could. When the question came up on whether she took the CPA exam, she had reason to assume that she had failed the test in May, so she was only trying to impress Vaughn by telling her that she was planning on taking it in June instead of telling her that she thought the first test was a failure. If we were in the same situation, we wouldve handled the situation differently had we been in Jackie Vaughn position. We will write a custom essay sample on Leigh Ann Walker Case Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Leigh Ann Walker Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Leigh Ann Walker Case Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The biggest mistake that we found with the way Vaughn handled the situation was that she did not talk to Walker directly about how she felt, and she didnt tell her what she wanted to happen before going to upper management. After Vaughn heard the news about Walker passing the CPA exam, she became irritated and didnt talk to Walker for a few days after that. What we would have done in Vaughn place was to talk to Walker about the situation a day after Vaughn heard the news. This way they could both share their sides of the story, and make sure that there wasnt a misunderstanding between the two. If after they met and talked about it, and Vaughn still felt the same way, then we think it would be alright to talk about it with upper management. However, going straight to the top with the news and requesting that Walker be fired is out of the question in our minds. This is because Walker is new to the company, and there is pressure to try a make a good first impression with your fellow employees. Also, because Walker had passed the CPA exam and was such a great student makes her a great hire with potential to become a great employee of the company. As with Jackie Vaughn position, we also would handle the situation differently if we were in Don Roberts position. Roberts fired Walker on the basis of what Jackie Vaughn had told him. We think that Roberts decision is wrong and that Walker should not be fired. The facts are that Walker had been doing a great Job in her first few weeks, she was a great student in college, and she had Just passed her CPA exam. To fire Walker because she was only trying to protect her image and make a good first impression with her fellow employees is wrong. What we would have done was to transfer Walker too different team. This would help Walker gain the respect of some other employees within the company and it allows the company to keep a great worker with a lot of potential. In regards to whether it is possible that one could fulfill the responsibilities of a professional role while lacking personal integrity, we decided that there are situations in which it is possible. In this case, Vaughn questions Walkers personal as lacking personal integrity in the case because she wasnt completely honest with Vaughn, then we decided that it is possible for someone to work in a professional role effectively. Walker continued to do an adequate Job while working on her assignment even though she lacked personal integrity. She is able to do this because she keeps her professional integrity separate from her personal integrity. Just because she wasnt honest to Vaughn, it doesnt mean that she cant fulfill her Job duties. She doesnt lose any of her capabilities Just because she wasnt completely honest. On the other hand, although lacking personal integrity may not affect someones ability to perform their Job duties, we decided that it doesnt make your Job any easier. For example, if a person repeatedly tells lies to employees, or only looks after themselves instead of their fellow employees, then it would make their Job harder. This is because the way you treat other co-workers affects the way that they treat you. If you cant do a favor for a co-worker, then it is less likely that they will help you out when you may need them in the future because they will remember the time when you didnt want to help him or her out. More than likely, there will be times when you may need advice or a favor from one of your co-workers, and lacking personal integrity will not make your Job any easier. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-62409779346639111812019-11-27T12:23:00.001-08:002019-11-27T12:23:04.950-08:00Textbook WarehouseTextbook Warehouse The name of the business is Textbook Warehouse; the idea to write the book was developed by entrepreneurs. The book has been developed by the entrepreneurs under the guidance of financial experts, social media authorities, web design experts, research and legal professionals thus it marshals the right pool of experts under its name.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Textbook Warehouse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The aim and vision of the promoter is to establish a unique company that specializes in second hand textbooks for university students in Melbourne, Australia. The service that involves online retailing of secondhand textbooks is the concern of this business proposal plan. The company projects to develop a website that forms the virtual office centre for an online retailing of second hand textbooks that are in high demand among university students. Under the expertise of a web developer and socio media authority, the company targets the Generation Y students in the universities whose lives are highly influenced by the socio media world (Yarrow Oââ¬â¢ Donnell, 2009). This Generation Y values social sites like Facebook, Twitter and others hence word of mouth is appreciated more than face to face contact. The development of this online forum is in tandem with this behavior and, therefore, convenience, reliability and effectiveness are the strengths of this business (Close, 2012). Through the placement of drop boxes in every university, the company aims to stock enough supplies of second hand texts books to the reading lists of the universities. After that, the sales books will be made available under minimized costs determined by value based and grading systems pricing. The company projects to come up with customer loyalty programs meant to maintain re-sale as well as winning other junior students in their university courses.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company seeks to utilize two opportunities in online retailing where students in Melbourne have been underserved on online forums. The present method is costly and sometimes books are unavailable in the universitiesââ¬â¢ stores. This will enable students to access the necessary textbooks at the comfort of their mobiles phones, or computers conveniently, and at the best price that caters for the university students income. The second opportunity seeks to utilize the large market of inadequate online forums for shopping tailored for university second hand textbooks. This will enable students to access quality textbooks in the timeliest manner. With a unique marketing concept emerging, good management and carefully crafted method of financing, online selling of second hand textbooks to the target market will be affordable, sustainable and valuable. This special team of experts will position the company to best practices in every aspect of technology, branding, marketing and operations in order to become the leading online service for secondhand textbooks. In Melbourne, the available book stores are not highly concerned with online shopping hence the business. The concern of other textbook dealers involves brand new books as well as exchange of available second hand books hence pure online retailing of secondhand books at most reliable and convenient prices is minimal. However, these textbook sellers include University Bookstores; other small book sellers have managed to offer new and second hand textbooks in the market though at very expensive and unreliable ends due to high cost of operations and poor marketing options as a contrast. The presence of new books from university stores and their strategic locations in every university have made the necessity of online retailing unnecessary in Melbourne.Advertising We will write a custom assessment s ample on Textbook Warehouse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, these books have proved very expensive to be afforded by a large number of middle income students. These high prices and unreliable accessibility of second hand textbook programmes have pushed away an average customer student. By covering these gaps the company is wishing to set a new uncharted course in the book industry. The unique formula will involve prior marketing on Twitter and Facebook with a target of 100 likes three weeks before the March semester commences. By using readily available storage facilities of one of the partnerââ¬â¢s homes, simple costs minimization, cost effective drop boxes will ensure right supply of second hand books delivered by students. These will be paid for and then made available through the online retail forum for easier access through value based and grading system pricing. Through continuous marketing and convenient delivery of sold secondhand textbooks, effective financial management and dedicated personnel of this business look forward to meeting long and short objectives. Long term objectives include: A. To increase and dominate the market on online second hand textbooks services; B. To be a leader in online retailing of second hand textbooks;Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More C. To be a leading online retailing service that maintains economic and sustainable value project; D. Create job ads by rectifying the purchasing power of students. The business targets to increase the number of customers considerably after two years of its operation. By engaging the management personnel it is projected that the increased number of customer students will lead to right data analysis, effective, efficient and smooth operation of the business. As such it targets to use the most minimum number but performing personnel for its success. The baseline scenario projects cost is estimated at $ 90, 000, comprised of $60,000 as initial investment and $30,000 as the bank loan. This investment cost is low due to transfer of some operations and offers of some assets by the promoter. The bank loan is meant to compensate on other inputs and provide a back up for a negative cash flow. References List Close, G. A 2012, Online Consumer Behavior: Theory and Research in Social Media, Adv ertising and e-tail, Routledge Taylor Francis Group, New York. Yarrow, K Oââ¬â¢Donnell, J 2009, Gen Buy: How Tweens, Teens and Twenty Somethings are Revolutionalizing Retail, Jossey-Bass A Wiley Imprint, Carlifornia. Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-36746188449030973492019-11-23T19:57:00.001-08:002019-11-23T19:57:07.030-08:00Instant Coffee Production The WritePass JournalInstant Coffee Production Introduction Instant Coffee Production IntroductionProcessing Packaging and shelflifeSafety and microbiological aspectsQuality controlSpoilagePhysical and sensory propertiesLegal aspectsReference:Related Introduction Instant coffee is an aromatic beverage, consisting of water with additional compounds extracted from coffee beans during brewing, which have then been dehydrated into a soluble coffee form. Coffee beans are seeds from coffee fruit, selected from different sources (location and seasons). The blend could give a particular taste of the brand and also help to reduce the risk of shortage or price fluctuation from a single raw material supplier. Coffee arabica produces the finest coffee, while coffee robusta produces a strong but inferior coffee. Processing There are two main primary processing methods: the unwashed or dry process, which produces naturals, and the washed or wet process, which produces washed coffees. In the dry process the ripe cherries are dried in their entirety after which they are mechanically decorticated to produce the green bean. In the washed or wet process the ripe cherries are pulped and fermented to remove the sticky sugary coating called mucilage that adheres to the beans (this can also be done mechanically), and the beans are then washed and dried. This lactic fermentation involves the action of Leuc. mesenteroids, L. berivs and Streptococcus faecalis. In all procedures the parchment skin is later removed mechanically after drying. Better flavour is achieved if the beans are processed by the wet method rather than the dry method when removing the hull, Wet processing helps in developing soft buttery notes in the cup, unlike the thick robust notes that are observed in the average robusta cup. Beans are mixed by weight portion and no special arrangement of mixing is required. Many imported beans are shipped green, as can be stored in the state with little loss of quality, before roasting. The roasting operation develops the characteristic flavour and headspace aroma. There are two stages of transformation in which the 12% of moisture is driven off and pyrolysis occurs, with the swelling of the beans. Roasting time determines classification as a light, medium or dark roast. The first stage take up about 80% of the roasting time with green beans gradually changing from a straw colour to a pale brown. The second stage of roasting leads to the rapid darkening, emission of oily smoke and crackling sounds, with the chemical composition of the beans rapidly changing. A porous microstructure is formed and the density of coffee bean is almost halved after roasting (from ca. 1.3 g.ml-1 to ca. 0.7 g.ml-1).à The degree of roasting is key for quality consistency of the final product. This can be measured by the colour or density of the roasted beans. Roasting time can be set for predetermined roasting degree. The roasters currently available for roasting operations include vert ical rotating bowl roasters, vertical static drum roasters, horizontal rotating drum roasters, fluidized bed roasters and pressure roasters. Horizontal roasting drum roasters are the most popular, with either a perforated wall or a solid wall. Grinding reduces the size of the coffee bean to small particles. A multi-roller can be used, where the coffee beans pass through up to four stages of size reduction, with the gap between rollers decreasing with each stage. Extraction involves the separation of the soluble solids and volatile aroma/flavour compounds are extracted from ground coffee granules, using hot water as the solvent. An example of such an extractor is a percolation battery extraction device, or a counter-current continuous screw extractor, where a pressurized water feeding system can be used to enhance extraction efficiency. Solvent extraction is not a single stage operation but involves loading the coffee, spraying with solvent (water) until the solute content is reduced to the economical minimum, and excavated. In the production of instant coffee, a series of extraction tanks are linked together to form an extraction battery. Hot water is fed into the take containing roasted granules that are almost extracted and then flows through the various tanks in series before it is withdrawn from the freshly charged tank. Both spray drying and freeze drying are commonly used for instant coffee manufacturing. Spray drying operates at a high temperature, providing an efficient and economic method for the dehydration of coffee solution. However freeze drying has a much better retention of flavour/aroma compounds, but at a relatively higher cost. Freeze drying depends on low temperatures (below -20oC) and the absence of drying air during the dehydration process. The complete process includes freezing, granulation, and then freeze-drying. The slower the highly concentrated coffee is frozen, the larger the ice crystals formed, essential in preserving the best possible colour as well as increasing the solubility of the final product. A band freezer is commonly used, where the band is divided into four to six temperature zones, each of which are cooled by to the required temperature. The coffee extract is then transported through the temperature zones for controlled freezing, leaving the band as flakes at a temperature of approximately -40oC. These frozen flakes are then ground up and fed into a granulator with a built-in perforated plate. The flakes are granulated and passed through holes in the plate, sorting the granules into various sizes. The correctly sized granules are passed though a vacuum lock and a gate lock into the f reeze-drying cabinet, and emptied into a hopper. Below the pressure of 4.6mm Hg, the ice in the coffee goes directly from a solid to vapour without melting. This kind of evaporation is called sublimation. Dried coffee has little or no aroma, therefore, manufacturers usually recover the aromatic volatiles during the bean grinding or extraction processes, and spray them back onto the product just before the final filling operation. This will provide a coffee-like fragrance when the pack is opened. Packaging and shelflife The freeze-dried coffee enters the packaging section via a hopper and is automatically weighted, filled into polyethylene bags, and packed into cardboard cartons for bulk export, or filled into glass jars and labelled. As coffee oil is usually used as a carrier for the aromatic volatiles, it is necessary to fill the packs under a blanket of inert gas such as CO2 to reduce the risk of oxidation. Sealed packaging is necessary for volatile compound retention and to prevent moisture pick-up. High moisture content reduces coffees shelf life. à At 7% moisture content, instant coffee may start to ââ¬Ëcakeââ¬â¢. Glass bottles or metal tins often used as containers for instant coffee. Beans that are at equilibrium and are inactive would have a moisture content of well below 12.5%. Beans with a high moisture content could be very actively respiring, giving up moisture and undergoing changes both physically and intrinsically. Physically, there would be a fading in colour and, depending on the moisture content, the temperature and the humidity of the surrounding area, this could result in bleaching and mould growth. Intrinsically, the cup quality could fade from a clean, strong and neutral cup to a woody, aged and musty cup. Safety and microbiological aspects A particular food safety issue for coffee is concern over the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin that can cause kidney damage, and is a possible human renal carcinogen. In coffee, OTA is produced by fungi of the Aspergillus genus (A. ochraceus, A. carbonarius, A. niger). It is mostly concentrated in the husk, which suggests that naturals (coffees dried in the fruit) are most at risk of contamination. In the European Union the following maximum limits apply to finished coffee products, effective 1st March 2007: roasted coffee 5 ppb (parts per billion); soluble coffee 10 ppb. The HACCP process can be used to establish where OTA enters the system and where the fungi causing OTA first appears. HACCP is a management system in which food safety is addressed through the analysis and control of biological, chemical and physical hazards from raw food material production to manufacturing and consumption. Careful inspection of visual appearance and any mouldy or earthy smells can be a useful tool for checking for the presence of OTA.â⬠¨The monitoring of â⬠¨Pesticide residues in coffee is also a vital aspect of an HACCP system. Furthermore, coffee growers maintain chemical registers that detail, in chronological order, the type and quantities of all chemicals used and the timing of their application. Hydrocarbon contamination is usually caused by jute coffee bags because of the batching oil used to soften the jute fibres before spinning. There have been instances of contaminated oil being used (old engine oil for example), leading to The International Jute Organization has established specifications (IJO Standard 98/01) for the manufacture of jute bags to be used in the food industry. Quality control The supplier must meet the contract specification of the buyer. The seller and buyer jointly established the quality parameters, which the seller is expected to respect continuously, shipment after shipment. Instant coffee produced must be suitable for human consumption, free from extraneous matter such as live pests and moulds, fully conform to the contract description or selling sample, with uniform quality, and be clean ââ¬Ëin the cupââ¬â¢ i.e. free from abhorrent flavours. Instant coffee is graded according to quality.à For the United States market, undergrade coffee is any type of coffee that grades below GCA type 6 (120 defects per 370 grams The US market prohibits imports below this grade, however most other markets do not normally specify that particular grades of coffee should not be imported, relying instead on general food and hygiene regulations. However, the ICO has introduced a set of worldwide minimum export standards in an attempt to remove the lowest coffees from the market altogether. The higher risk of mould and therefore OTA occurring in lowgrades is also likely to reduce the demand for such coffee. Improper processing techniques, including use of incorrect equipment and poor handling, contribute to defects in quality. Major off-tastes can occur as a result, including raw/green, fruity, overripe, fermented, chemical, earthy, and oily flavours. Problems that may occur include: The picking of overripe beans lowers cup quality leading to a fermented and ââ¬Ëmedicinalââ¬â¢ flavour, due to the deterioration of the fruit. A putrid, rotting off-taste may be caused due to microorganisms entering damaged beans if the coffee beans are not sorted on size, leading to the beans being cut during pulping. Black beans or ââ¬Ëstinkersââ¬â¢ may be formed affecting quality. The water used for washing, as for all the stages of processing, should be clean to ensure the quality of the end product. Unclean water or water contaminated with fine silt, and recirculated water with a high solid content, could cause earthy, fruity or fermented and other off-tastes. During the preparation of the robusta beans, spreading the fruit in thick layers with inadequate stirring and raking could result in mould formation. This can adversely affect the visual appearance and the cup quality of the cherry beans. Lack of protection from rain and night dew during drying can also cause mould growth. Spicy and chemical off-tastes could be due to packaging in poor quality bags or bags in which spices or fertilizers have been packed earlier. Storing coffee with spices, chemicals, fertilizers or fungicides could also cause these off-tastes. Coffee beans easily absorb odours that could lower their aromatic quality. Based on visual quality, robusta beans could be categorized into three grades: above FAQ (fair average quality), FAQ (average) and below FAQ. Based on liquor quality, robusta beans could be classified as follows: Fine and special, where the liquor quality is soft, smooth and buttery, with good body, hardly any bitterness, and clean. This quality can be seen in robusta coffees which are washed and processed with care, in robusta beans which are grown at high altitudes and under shade, and in plant strains which have the inherent characteristics of lower caffeine content, softness and mellow flavour notes. Good, where the liquor quality could be described as good body, neutral, light bitterness, clean, with a hint of chocolate notes. Average, with a cup quality of fair body, fair neutrality, average bitterness, and clean. Below average, where the liquor, though of fair body, has harsh notes of the robusta fruit, is bitter though clean, and is flat with no flavour notes. Poor, a cup which is unclean, having medicinal, phenolic or rioy off notes, or strong harsh robusta notes, with or without body, bitter and unpleasant to the taste. What has been said above is not a universal methodology followed by all robusta producing origins. It is only a means to explain the quality attributes that could be encountered in a robusta cup and the manner in which these attributes could be classified. Individual buyers have their own classification and evaluation methods, but usually the attributes and ratings will be comparable to those above. ISO 9001 is a process-based quality management system that organizations can use to demonstrate the consistent quality of their products to customers and concerned regulatory institutions. When an organizations quality management system complies with ISO 9001 and when the coffee is processed in accordance with these procedures, then the quality management system (not the product) can be ISO 9001 certified. Spoilage Physical and sensory properties Robusta beans have robust but clean strong and fruity flavours, and are often used in instant coffee preparation. Arabica coffee may also be used, and generally produce good liquors with acidity and flavour. However, these organoleptic properties can be affected by a number of factors. Poor visual colour in instant coffee, such as a whitish appearance could result in a low value. This indicates a poor processing technique, which could result in a fruity or fermented off-taste. Broken beans, on the other hand, could result not only in a high roasting loss, but also in charring of the beans and a poor cup quality, leading to off-tastes being produced, affecting the final soluble coffee product. The defect count is the measured presence or absence of defects such as blacks, browns, greens, faded and bleached beans, insect damaged beans, sour beans and extraneous matter such as twigs, sticks or stones. Maillard browning is desirable in the manufacture of coffee, causing beneficial sensory changes, as well as antimutagenic () and antioxidative properties (?). This enzymatic browning is catalysed by the enzyme polyphenol oxidase and can contribute to the overall acceptability of coffee. Products of enzymatic browning play a number of physiological roles i.e. melanonins produced may exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties(?). Added ingredients: chicory added ââ¬Å"Frenchâ⬠coffee, fig added ââ¬Å"Vienneseâ⬠coffee Volatile components give coffee its characteristic fragrance. There are more than 600 classified flavour compounds in instant coffee. Heat vaporises them into the air. Instability of the volatile compounds can cause flavour of roasted coffee to deteriorate quickly as it cools, or if it is kept hot too long, evaporation causes the loss of many of these compounds and their flavours. Bitter substances ââ¬â organic acids which give a bitter, slightly sour taste to coffee. Chlorogenic acid equals about 4% of roasted coffee beans, along with caffeine and polyphenols compounds. Coffee should never be boiled as these temperatures increase the solubility of the bitter compounds, resulting in unpalatable coffee. Coffee contains Methylxanthines such as caffeine and theobromine. These are compounds which stimulate the central nervous system, and have either positive or negative effects, depending upon the individual, including increased exercise performance, temporarily increased heartbeat, metabolism, stomach acid, sleep disturbance, and dilation and/or constriction of certain blood vessels. Diuretic effects, causing increased urination. Withdrawal symptoms include headaches, fatigue, moodiness and depression. Legal aspects The ICO council passed Resolution 420 (May 2004) which recommends voluntary targets for the minimum quality export standards for both arabica and robusta. The ICOs Coffee Quality-Improvement Programme calls on producing members to endeavour to restrict the export of arabica coffee with more than 86 defects per 300 g sample or robusta coffee with more than 150 defects per 300 g. The Programme also asks members to endeavour not to allow arabica or robusta of any grade to be exported whose moisture content is below 8% or above 12.5%. For the coffee year October 2009 ââ¬â September 2010 the ICO reported that 24 exporting members, accounting for nearly 59 million bags or nearly 60% of all 2009/10 exports, provided information on the quality of the coffee they exported. Of these exports over 57 million bags (96%) were classified as being within the Resolutionââ¬â¢s defects and moisture targets. The split arabica/robusta was 92% arabica and 8% robusta. Coffee can be decaffeinated by the use of a solvent, water, or super-critical cardon dioxide. Reference: Brennan, J. (2006). Food processing handbook. 1st Edition. UK: Wiley-VCH. Brown, A. (2008). Understanding food: principles and preparation. 1st Edition. USA: Thomson Learning, Inc. Clarke, R., and Macrae, R. (1985). Coffee volume 1: chemistry. 1st Edition. USA Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd. Dalgleish, J. (1990). Freeze-drying for the food industries. 1st Edition. UK: Elsevier science publishers Ltd. Goldblith, S., Rey, L., and Rothmayr, W. (1975). Freeze drying and advanced food technology. 1st Edition. USA: Academic Press Inc. Haarer, A. (1962). Modern coffee production. 2nd Edition. UK: Ebenezer Baylis and Son, Ltd. Hone, A. (1993). Soluble coffee: technical and marketing opportunities and constraints for origin producers. NRI marketing series 8. UK: Natural Resources Institute. Marshall, C. (1983). The world coffee trade. 1st Edition. UK: St Edmundsbury Press. Tull, A. (1989). Food science and technology. 1st Edition. UK: Oxford University Press. Streeten, P., and Elson, D. (1971). Diversification and development: the case of coffee. 1st Edition. USA: Praeger Publishers, Inc. intracen.org/coffee-guide/quality-control-issues/phenolic-taste-rio-flavour-fermented/ fao.org/ ipfsaph.org/servletà à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à /CDSServlet?status=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~~ coffee-ota.org/ fda.gov/Food/default.htm fda.gov/Food/default.htm coffeeinstitute.org/the-q-coffee-system.html Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5229130058017862575.post-50031933628717647962019-11-21T05:44:00.001-08:002019-11-21T05:44:05.919-08:00Was royal cult in the Seleukid empire an empire-wide phenomenon, EssayWas royal cult in the Seleukid empire an empire-wide phenomenon, directed from above, or did it belong mostly in the world of the Greek cities - Essay Example (White, 2008; Pp 156 ââ¬â 159) In any empire that has been inherited from the clutches of a great ruler such as Alexander the Great, there is always a need to ensure that the royal cult is omnipresent in the way the land is ruled. In the case of the Seleukid Empire, the access to documents has been of central importance in studying the direction taken by the royal in directing the affairs of the state. This paper will place special focus on these documents as well as the rituals that demonstrate the extent of the direction provided by the royal cult of the Seleukid Empire. The paper will basically study whether the royal cult of the Seleukid Empire directed the state from above or was simply concentrated in the Greek cities. (White, 2008; Pp 156 ââ¬â 159) The Eastern territories that include countries like India, Iran, Turkey and many more countries, hold special significance as far as the matters of the state and direction from the royal cult is concerned. The influence of this came from the fact that the citizens in these countries regarded the king as God sent. Therefore, his word was the last word. Influences of Indian and other languages can be seen in ancient Greek history as well as the history of the Seleukid Empire. This is also apparent in the rituals, coins, symbols adapted by kings and various other details that are useful in studying cultural influences. (White, 2008; Pp 156 ââ¬â 159) The extent of participation of the royal cult in the Seleukid Empire can be studied through a focus on the military, economic and cultural factors to begin with. This will help in setting the stage for understanding the implications of the documents that carved the framework within which the Selukid Empireââ¬â¢s royal cult operated. To begin with, it is imperative to understand that the territory that was inherited by the Seleukid Dynasty was Mark Winstonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03964004297786105164noreply@blogger.com0